Gyula Simon
ABSTRACT
An ad-hoc wireless sensor network-based system is presented that detects and accurately locates shooters even in urban environments. The system consists of a large number of cheap sensors communicating through an ad-hoc wireless network, thus it is capable of tolerating multiple sensor failures, provides good coverage and high accuracy, and is capable of overcoming multipath effects. The performance of the proposed system is superior to that of centralized countersniper systems in such challenging environment as dense urban terrain. In this paper, in addition to the overall system architecture, the acoustic signal detection, the most important middleware services and the unique sensor fusion algorithm are also presented. The system performance is analyzed using real measurement data obtained at a US Army MOUT (Military Operations in Urban Terrain) facility.
- Chen, J. C., Hudson, R. E. and Yao, K. Maximum-likelihood source localization and unknown sensor location estimation for wideband signals in the near-field. IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 50, pp. 1843--854, Aug. 2002. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Chen, J. C., Yao, K., and Hudson, R. E. Source localization and beamforming. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 19, no. 2, March 2002, pp. 30--39.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Chen, J., Yip, L., Elson, J., Wang, H., Maniezzo, D., Hudson, R., Yao, K., and Estrin, D. Coherent acoustic array processing and localization on wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 91, Aug. 2003, pp. 1154--1162.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Duckworth et al. Acoustic counter-sniper system. In Proc. of SPIE International Symposium on Enabling Technologies for Law Enforcement and Security, 1996.Google Scholar
- Elson, J., Girod, L., Estrin, D. Fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, vol. 36, issue SI, 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ganeriwal, S., Kumar, R., Srivastava, M. B. Timing-sync protocol for sensor networks. Proc. First ACM SenSys, 2003 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Gay, D. et al. The nesC Language: A Holistic Approach to Networked Embedded Systems, In Proc. of PLDI, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Harter, A., Hopper, A., Steggles, P., Ward, A., Webster, P. The Anatomy of a Context-Aware Application. In Proc. 5th ACM MOBICOM Conf. (Seattle,WA, Aug. 1999). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hill, J. at al. System Architecture Directions for Networked Sensors, In Proc. of ASPLOS, 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hill, J., Culler, D. Mica: A Wireless Platform for Deeply Embedded Networks. IEEE Micro, Vol. 22, No. 6, 2002, pp. 12--24. Google ScholarDigital Library
- http://www.army-technology.com/contractors/surveillance/metravib/Google Scholar
- Huang, Y., Benesty, J., and Elko, G. W. Passive acoustic source localization for video camera steering. Proc. IEEE ICASSP, vol. 2, June 2000, pp. 909--912. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lupu, E. et al. Speaker Verification Rate Study Using the TESPAR Coding Method. In Proc. of COST 276 Workshop on Information and Knowledge Management for Integrated Media Communication, 2002.Google Scholar
- Mahajan, A. and Walworth, M. 3-D Position Sensing Using the Differences in the Time-of-Flights from a Wave Source to Various Receivers. IEEE Trans. On Robotics and Automation, Vol. 17, No. 1, February 2001, pp. 91--94.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Maroti, M., Kusy, B., Simon, G., Ledeczi, A. The Flooding Time Synchronization Protocol. In Proc of The Second ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), November 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Maroti, M. The Directed Flood Routing Framework. In Proc of ACM/IFIP/USENIX 5th International Middleware Conference, October 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Moroz, S. A. et al. Airborne Deployment of and Recent Improvements to the Viper Counter Sniper System. In Proc of the IRIS Passive Sensors, February 1999.Google Scholar
- Priyantha, N., Chakraborty, A., AND Balakrishnan, H. The Cricket Location-Support System. In Proc. 6th ACM MOBICOM Conf. (Boston, MA, Aug. 2000) Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sallai, J., Balogh, G., Maroti, M., Ledeczi, A. Acoustic Ranging in Resource Constrained Sensor Networks. Technical Report, ISIS-04-504, February 25, 2004 (available at http://www.isis.vanderbilt.edu/publications.asp)Google Scholar
- Stoughton, R. Measurements of Small Caliber Ballistic Shock Waves in Air. JASA 102 (2), Pt. 1, 1997.Google Scholar
- Vick, A. et al. Aerospace Operations in Urban Environments: Exploring New Concepts. In RAND MR-1187, 2000.Google Scholar
- Whitehouse, K. and Culler, D. Calibration as Parameter Estimation in Sensor Networks. In Proc of ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications, 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A Review on Interval Computation -- Software and Applications, (with S. Xu, X. Yang), Int. J. of Computational and Numerical Analysis and Applications, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 149-162, 2002.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Sensor network-based countersniper system
Recommendations
Countersniper system for urban warfare
An ad-hoc wireless sensor network-based system is presented that detects and accurately locates shooters even in urban environments. The localization accuracy of the system in open terrain is competitive with that of existing centralized countersniper ...
An efficient cluster-based communication protocol for wireless sensor networks
A wireless sensor network is a network of large numbers of sensor nodes, where each sensor node is a tiny device that is equipped with a processing, sensing subsystem and a communication subsystem. The critical issue in wireless sensor networks is how ...
A Lightweight Collaborative Fault Tolerant Target Localization System for Wireless Sensor Networks
Efficient target localization in wireless sensor networks is a complex and challenging task. Many past assumptions for target localization are not valid for wireless sensor networks. Limited hardware resources, energy conservation, and noise disruption ...
Comments