skip to main content
10.1145/1132983.1132998acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmobihocConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

Ad-hoc multicast routing on resource-limited sensor nodes

Published: 26 May 2006 Publication History

Abstract

Many emerging sensor network applications involve mobile nodes with communication patterns requiring any-to-any routing topologies. We should be able to build upon the MANET work to implement these systems. However, translating these protocols into real implementations on resource-constrained sensor nodes raises a number of challenges. In this paper, we present the lessons learned from implementing one such protocol, Adaptive Demand-driven Multicast Routing (ADMR), on CC2420-based motes using the TinyOS operating system. ADMR was chosen because it supports multicast communication, a critical requirement for many pervasive and mobile applications. To our knowledge, ours is the first non-simulated implementation of ADMR. Through extensive measurement on Motelab, we present the performance of the implementation, TinyADMR, under a wide range of conditions. We highlight the real-world impact of path selection metrics, radio link asymmetry, protocol overhead, and limited routing table size.

References

[1]
CC2420 Product Information. http://www.chipcon.com/index.cfm?katid=2&subkat_id=12&dok_id=115.
[2]
D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, S. Biswas, G. Judd, and R. Morris. Link-level measurements from an 802.11b mesh network. SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., 34(4):121--132, 2004.
[3]
A. Cerpa, N. Busek, and D. Estrin. SCALE: a tool for Simple Connectivity Assessment in Lossy Environments. Technical report, September 2003.
[4]
D. S. J. D. Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris. A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing. In MobiCom'03: Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, pages 134--146. ACM Press, 2003.
[5]
D. Ganesan, D. Estrin, and J. Heidemann. Dimensions: why do we need a new data handling architecture for sensor networks? SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., 33(1):143--148, 2003.
[6]
D. Ganesan, B. Krishnamachari, A. Woo, D. Culler, D. Estrin, and S. Wicker. Complex Behavior at Scale: An Experimental Study of Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks. Technical report, Feburary 2002.
[7]
W. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan. Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks. In Proc. the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), January 2000.
[8]
C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, and D. Estrin. Directed diffusion: A scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks. In Proc. International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Aug. 2000.
[9]
J. G. Jetcheva and D. B. Johnson. Adaptive Demand-Driven Multicast Routing in Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. In 2001 ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc2001), pages 33--44, October 2001.
[10]
D. B. Johnson and D. A. Maltz. Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks. In Imielinski and Korth, editors, Mobile Computing, volume 353. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.
[11]
W. Kaiser, G. Pottie, M. Srivastava, G. Sukhatme, J. Villasenor, and D.Estrin. Networked Infomechanical Systems (NIMS) for Ambient Intelligence. Invited contribution to Ambient Intelligence, Springer-Verlag, 2004.
[12]
A. Kansal, A. A. Somasundara, D. D. Jea, M. B. Srivastava, and D.Estrin. Intelligent fluid infrastructure for embedded networks. In MobiSYS'04: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services, pages 111--124, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM Press.
[13]
S.-J. Lee, M. Gerla, and C.-C. Chiang. On-demand multicast routing protocol. In IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, WCNC'99, pages 1298--1304, September 1999.
[14]
T. Liu, C. M. Sadler, P. Zhang, and M. Martonosi. Implementing software on resource-constrained mobile sensors: experiences with impala and zebranet. In MobiSYS'04: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobilesystems, applications, and services, pages 256--269, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM Press.
[15]
K. Lorincz, D. Malan, T. R. F. Fulford-Jones, A. Nawoj, A. Clavel, V. Shnayder, G. Mainland, S. Moulton, and M. Welsh. Sensor Networks for Emergency Response: Challenges and Opportunities. IEEE Pervasive Computing, Oct-Dec 2004.
[16]
S. Madden, M. J. Franklin, J. M. Hellerstein, and W. Hong. TAG: A Tiny AGgregation Service for Ad-Hoc Sensor Networks. In Proc. the 5th OSDI, December 2002.
[17]
S. Nath, P. B. Gibbons, S. Seshan, and Z. R. Anderson. Synopsis diffusion for robust aggregation in sensor networks. In SenSys'04: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems, pages 250--262, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM Press.
[18]
C. Perkins and P. Bhagwat. Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers. In ACM SIGCOMM'94 Conference on Communications Architectures, Protocols and Applications, pages 234--244, 1994.
[19]
C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing. In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, pages 90--100, New Orleans, LA, February 1999.
[20]
E. M. Royer and C. E. Perkins. Multicast operation of the ad-hoc on demand distance vector routing protocol. In Fifth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Mobicom '99, pages 207--218, August 1999.
[21]
Y. Sankarasubramaniam, O. B. Akan, and I. F. Akyildiz. ESRT: Event-to-Sink Reliable Transport in Wireless Sensor Networks. In Proceedings of ACM MobiHoc'03, pages 177--188, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, June 2003.
[22]
C. Schurgers, V. Tsiatsis, S. Ganeriwal, and M. Srivastava. Topology management for sensor networks: exploiting latency and density. In MobiHoc'02: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing, pages 135--145, New York, NY, USA, 2002. ACM Press.
[23]
G. Simon, M. Maroti, A. Ledeczi, G. Balogh, B. Kusy, A. Nadas, G. Pap, J. Sallai, and K. Frampton. Sensor network-based counter sniper system. In SenSys '04: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems, pages 1--12, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM Press.
[24]
R. Szewczyk, A. Mainwaring, J. Polastre, and D. Culler. An analysis of a large scale habitat monitoring application. In Proc. the Second ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Networks (Sensys), November 2004.
[25]
R. Szewczyk, E. Osterweil, J. Polastre, M. Hamilton, A. Mainwaring, and D. Estrin. Habitat monitoring with sensor networks. Communications of the ACM, Special Issue: Wireless sensor networks, 47(6):34--40, June 2004.
[26]
C.-Y. Wan, A. T. Campbell, and L. Krishnamurthy. Psfq: a reliable transport protocol for wireless sensor networks. In WSNA, pages 1--11, 2002.
[27]
A. Woo, T. Tong, and D. Culler. Taming the underlying challenges of reliable multihop routing in sensor networks. In Proc. the First ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys 2003), November 2003.
[28]
P. Wright et al. Fire information & rescue equipment. http://fire.me.berkeley.edu/indexmain.php?main=home.php&title=FIRE\%20Project:\%20Overview.
[29]
M. Yarvis, W. S. Conner, L. Krishnamurthy, J. Chhabra, B. Elliott, and A. Mainwaring. Real-world experiences with an interactive ad hoc sensor network. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ad Hoc Networking, August 2002.
[30]
Geoff Werner-Allen, Pat Swieskowski, and Matt Welsh. MoteLab: A Wireless Sensor Network Testbed. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN'05), Special Track on Platform Tools and Design Methods for Network Embedded Sensors (SPOTS), April 2005.
[31]
Bor-rong Chen, Kiran-Kumar Muniswamy-Reddy, and Matt Welsh. Lessons Learned from Implementing Ad-Hoc Multicast Routing in Sensor Networks. Harvard University Technical Report TR-22-05, November 2005.

Cited By

View all
  • (2020)Congruent routing protocols in diverse tree topology ZigBee built home area networksMaterials Today: Proceedings10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.19433(4592-4601)Online publication date: 2020
  • (2018)Leveraging MAC Preambles for an Efficient Link Estimation2018 14th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)10.1109/WiMOB.2018.8589096(1-10)Online publication date: Oct-2018
  • (2018)Wireless Technologies for Emergency Response: A Comprehensive Review and Some GuidelinesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2018.28788986(71814-71838)Online publication date: 2018
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Ad-hoc multicast routing on resource-limited sensor nodes

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    REALMAN '06: Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Multi-hop ad hoc networks: from theory to reality
    May 2006
    142 pages
    ISBN:1595933603
    DOI:10.1145/1132983
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 26 May 2006

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. multicast
    2. routing
    3. sensor networks

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Conference

    REALMAN06
    Sponsor:

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)3
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
    Reflects downloads up to 07 Mar 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2020)Congruent routing protocols in diverse tree topology ZigBee built home area networksMaterials Today: Proceedings10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.19433(4592-4601)Online publication date: 2020
    • (2018)Leveraging MAC Preambles for an Efficient Link Estimation2018 14th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)10.1109/WiMOB.2018.8589096(1-10)Online publication date: Oct-2018
    • (2018)Wireless Technologies for Emergency Response: A Comprehensive Review and Some GuidelinesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2018.28788986(71814-71838)Online publication date: 2018
    • (2017)A Survey on Routing Techniques in ZigBee Wireless Networks in Contrast with Other Wireless NetworksIndian Journal of Science and Technology10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i42/12034510:42(1-8)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2017
    • (2017)Routing in 6LoWPANNetwork Routing10.1002/9781119114864.ch12(327-348)Online publication date: 3-Mar-2017
    • (2015)MoMoRo: Providing Mobility Support for Low-Power Wireless ApplicationsIEEE Systems Journal10.1109/JSYST.2014.22995929:2(585-594)Online publication date: Jun-2015
    • (2014)A Holistic Approach to ZigBee Performance Enhancement for Home Automation NetworksSensors10.3390/s14081493214:8(14932-14970)Online publication date: 14-Aug-2014
    • (2014)An Enhanced AODV Route Repairing Mechanism in Wireless Ad-Hoc Sensor NetworkJournal of Communications10.12720/jcm.9.8.651-6579:8(651-657)Online publication date: 2014
    • (2014)RushNetProceedings of the 12th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems10.1145/2668332.2668341(105-118)Online publication date: 3-Nov-2014
    • (2014)Neighbor Table Based Shortcut Tree Routing in ZigBee Wireless NetworksIEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems10.1109/TPDS.2014.925:3(706-716)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2014
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media