URICA: Usage-awaRe Interactive Content Adaptation for mobile devices

ABSTRACT

Usage-awaRe Interactive Content Adaptation (URICA) is an automatic technique that adapts content for display on mobile devices based on usage semantics. URICA allows users who are unsatisfied with the system's adaptation decision to take control of the adaptation process and make changes until the content is suitably adapted for their purposes. The successful adaptation is recorded and used in making future adaptation decisions. To validate URICA, we implemented a prototype system called Chameleon that performs fidelity adaptation on web images. We conducted a user study in which participants used Chameleon to browse image-rich web pages on bandwidth-limited cellular links and used the collected traces to evaluate our system. We show that Chameleon reduces the latency for browsing web content by up to 65% and reduces bandwidth consumption by up to 80%. Chameleon also allows users to exchange bandwidth consumption for user interaction based on their personal preferences.

REFERENCES

• 1: Tarek F. Abdelzaher , Kang G. Shin, QoS Provisioning with qContracts in Web and Multimedia Servers, Proceedings of the 20th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, p.44, December 01-03, 1999
• 2: Marko Balabanović , Yoav Shoham, Fab: content-based, collaborative recommendation, Communications of the ACM, v.40 n.3, p.66-72, March 1997 [doi>10.1145/245108.245124]
• 3: M. Balabanovic, Y. Shoham, and Y. Yun. An adaptive agent for automated web browsing. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 6(4), 1995.
• 4: D. Berlind. Which network-cdma or gprs? no easy answers. ZDNet, Jan. 2003. http://techupdate.zdnet.com.
• 5: K. H. Britton , R. Case , A. Citron , R. Floyd , Y. Li , C. Seekamp , B. Topol , K. Tracey, Transcoding: extending e-business to new environments, IBM Systems Journal, v.40 n.1, p.153-178, January 2001
• 6: Shanwei Cen , Calton Pu , Richard Staehli , Crispin Cowan , Jonathan Walpole, A Distributed Real-Time MPEG Video Audio Player, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, p.142-153, April 19-21, 1995
• 7: R. Chakravorty, S. Katti, I. Pratt, and J. Crowcroft. Using tcp flow-aggregation to enhance data experience of cellular wireless users. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas of Communications, 23(6), June 2005.
• 8: Mun Choon Chan , Ramachandran Ramjee, TCP/IP performance over 3G wireless links with rate and delay variation, Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, September 23-28, 2002, Atlanta, Georgia, USA [doi>10.1145/570645.570655]
• 9: S. Chandra, A. Gehani, C. S. Ellis, and A. Vahdat. Transcoding characteristics of web images. In Proceedings of the 2001 Multimedia Computing and Networking Conference (MMCN'01), San Jose, California, Jan. 2001.
• 10: CiteSeer. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/.
• 11: Eyal de Lara , Rajnish Kumar , Dan S. Wallach , Willy Zwaenepoel, Collaboration and multimedia authoring on mobile devices, Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services, p.287-301, May 05-08, 2003, San Francisco, California [doi>10.1145/1066116.1066126]
• 12: E. de Lara, D. S. Wallach, and W. Zwaenepoel. Puppeteer: Component-based adaptation for mobile computing. In Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems, San Francisco, California, Mar. 2001.
• 13: Yuri Dotsenko , Eyal de Lara , Dan S. Wallach , Willy Zwaenepoel, Extensible Adaptation via Constraint Solving, Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, p.117, June 20-21, 2002
• 14: Jason Flinn , M. Satyanarayanan, Managing battery lifetime with energy-aware adaptation, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), v.22 n.2, p.137-179, May 2004 [doi>10.1145/986533.986534]
• 15: Armando Fox , Steven D. Gribble , Eric A. Brewer , Elan Amir, Adapting to network and client variability via on-demand dynamic distillation, ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, v.30 n.5, p.160-170, Dec. 1996
• 16: A. Fox, S. D. Gribble, Y. Chawathe, and E. A. Brewer. Adapting to network and client variation using infrastructural proxies: Lessons and perspectives. IEEE Personal Communications, 5(4):10--19, 1998.
• 17: A. Fox, S. D. Gribble, Y. Chawathe, and E. A. Brewer. Adapting to network and client variation using infrastructural proxies: Lessons and perspectives. IEEE Personal Communications, 5(4):10--19, Aug. 1998.
• 18: David Goldberg , David Nichols , Brian M. Oki , Douglas Terry, Using collaborative filtering to weave an information tapestry, Communications of the ACM, v.35 n.12, p.61-70, Dec. 1992 [doi>10.1145/138859.138867]
• 19: R. Han, P. Bhagwat, R. LaMaire, T. Mummert, V. Perret, and J. Rubas. Dynamic adaptation in an image transcoding proxy for mobile web browsing. IEEE Personal Communications, 5(6):8--17, 1998.
• 20: Qi He , Karsten Schwan, IQ-RUDP: Coordinating Application Adaptation with Network Transport, Proceedings of the 11 th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing HPDC-11 20002 (HPDC'02), p.369, July 24-26, 2002
• 21: iAnywhere Solutions. Avantgo. www.avantgo.com.
• 22: R. H. Katz. Adaptation and mobility in wireless information systems. IEEE Personal Communications, 1(1):6--17, 1994.
• 23: Tim Kindberg , Armando Fox, System Software for Ubiquitous Computing, IEEE Pervasive Computing, v.1 n.1, p.70-81, January 2002 [doi>10.1109/MPRV.2002.993146 ]
• 24: T. Kunz, M. E. Shentenawy, A. Gaddah, and R. H. Hafez. Image transcoding for wireless WWW access: the user perspective. In the SPIE Multimedia Computing and Networking (MMCN2002), San Jose, CA, Jan. 2002.
• 25: K. Li, J. Walpole, D. McNamee, C. Pu, and D. C. Steere. A rate-matching packet scheduler for real-rate applications. In Proceedings of Multimedia Computing and Networking 2001, San Jose, California, Jan. 2001.
• 26: Wai Yip Lum , Francis C. M. Lau, A Context-Aware Decision Engine for Content Adaptation, IEEE Pervasive Computing, v.1 n.3, p.41-49, July 2002 [doi>10.1109/MPRV.2002.1037721 ]
• 27: Iqbal Mohomed , Alvin Chin , Jim Chengming Cai , Eyal de Lara, Community-Driven Adaptation: Automatic Content Adaptation in Pervasive Environments, Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA'04), p.124-133, December 02-03, 2004 [doi>10.1109/MCSA.2004.10]
• 28: D. Narayanan , J. Flinn , M. Satyanarayanan, Using history to improve mobile application adaptation, Proceedings of the Third IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA'00), p.31, December 07-08, 2000
• 29: Brian D. Noble , M. Satyanarayanan , Dushyanth Narayanan , James Eric Tilton , Jason Flinn , Kevin R. Walker, Agile application-aware adaptation for mobility, ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, v.31 n.5, p.276-287, Dec. 1997
• 30: Naoki Ohsugi , Akito Monden , Ken-ichi Matsumoto, A Recommendation System for Software Function Discovery, Proceedings of the Ninth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, p.248, December 04-06, 2002
• 31: Thomas Phan , George Zorpas , Rajive Bagrodia, Middleware support for reconciling client updates and data transcoding, Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services, June 06-09, 2004, Boston, MA, USA [doi>10.1145/990064.990083]
• 32: Christian Poellabauer , Karsten Schwan, Energy-Aware Media Transcoding in Wireless Systems, Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom'04), p.135, March 14-17, 2004
• 33: Asfandyar Qureshi , John Guttag, Horde: separating network striping policy from mechanism, Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services, June 06-08, 2005, Seattle, Washington [doi>10.1145/1067170.1067184]
• 34: Pablo Rodriguez , Rajiv Chakravorty , Julian Chesterfield , Ian Pratt , Suman Banerjee, MAR: a commuter router infrastructure for the mobile Internet, Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services, June 06-09, 2004, Boston, MA, USA [doi>10.1145/990064.990091]
• 35: M. Satyanarayanan, Fundamental challenges in mobile computing, Proceedings of the fifteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing, p.1-7, May 23-26, 1996, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States [doi>10.1145/248052.248053]
• 36: M. Satyanarayanan. Pervasive computing: Vision and challenges. IEEE Personal Communications, 2001.
• 37: Bill N. Schilit , Jonathan Trevor , David M. Hilbert , Tzu Khiau Koh, Web Interaction Using Very Small Internet Devices, Computer, v.35 n.10, p.37-45, October 2002 [doi>10.1109/MC.2002.1039516 ]
• 38: J. R. Smith, R. Mohan, and C.-S. Li. Content-based transcoding of images in the Internet. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Chicago, Illinois, Oct. 1998.
• 39: J. R. Smith, R. Mohan, and C.-S. Li. Transcoding internet content for heterogeneous client devices. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Monterey, California, May 1998.
• 40: Loren Terveen , Will Hill , Brian Amento , David McDonald , Josh Creter, PHOAKS: a system for sharing recommendations, Communications of the ACM, v.40 n.3, p.59-62, March 1997 [doi>10.1145/245108.245122]
• 41: WAP Forum. Wireless application protocol architecture specification, Apr. 1998. Available at: http://www.wapforum.org/what/technical/arch-30-apr-98.pdf.

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.5 COMPUTER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.4 INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS

General Terms:
Algorithms, Experimentation, Human Factors, Performance

Keywords:
content adaptation, customization, learning, mobile devices