ABSTRACT
Five nines availability is being expected from IP networks due to the growing popularity of IP telephony and the increasing usage of the Internet for mission-critical applications. This necessitates enhancing the resiliency of IP networks against transient failures that are observed to happen relatively frequently even in well-managed networks. Towards that end, we proposed failure inferencing based fast rerouting (FIFR) approach that exploits the existence of a forwarding table per line-card, for lookup efficiency in current routers, to provide fast rerouting similar to MPLS, while adhering to the destination-based forwarding paradigm. Earlier, we have shown that FIFR can deal with either single link or single node failures in a network consisting of point-to-point links with symmetric link weights. In this paper, we generalize FIFR to handle both link and node failures in networks with asymmetric link weights and multi-access links too. Furthermore, we apply FIFR for protecting against inter-AS failures also. With these extensions, we argue that FIFR elevates the resiliency of any IP network with minimal changes to the forwarding and routing planes.
- Atlas, A. U-turn Alternates for IP/LDP Fast-Reroute. IETF Internet Draft, Feb. 2005. draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-uturn-02.txt.Google Scholar
- Atlas, A., et al. Loop-Free Alternates for IP/LDP Local Protection". Internet Draft (work in progress), May 2005. draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-loopfree-00.txt.Google Scholar
- Bonaventure, O., Filsfils, C., and Francois, P. Achieving Sub-50 Milliseconds Recovery Upon BGP Peering Link Failures. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bryant, S., Shand, M., and Previdi, S. IP Fast Reroute using Not-via Addresses. Internet Draft (work in progress), Mar. 2006. draft-bryantshand-IPFRR-notvia-addresses-02.txt.Google Scholar
- Farinacci, D., Li, T., Hanks, S., Meyer, D., and Traina, P. Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE). RFC 2784, Mar. 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ferguson, P., and Senie, D. Network Ingress Filtering: Defeating Denial of Service Attacks which employ IP Source Address Spoofing. RFC 2827, May 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Francois, P., Filsfils, C., Evans, J., and Bonaventure, O. Achieving Sub-Second IGP Convergence in Large IP Networks. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communications Review 35, 2 (July 2005), 35--44. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Katz, D., and Ward, D. Bidirectional Forwarding Detection. draft-ietf-bfd-base-06.txt, Mar. 2007.Google Scholar
- Kvalbein, A., Hansen, A., Cicic, T., Gjessing, S., and Lysne, O. Fast IP Network Recovery using Multiple Routing Configurations. In Proc. IEEE Infocom (Apr. 2006).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Markopulu, A., Iannaccone, G., Bhattacharya, S., Chuah, C.-N., and Diot, C. Characterization of failures in an IP backbone. In Proc. IEEE Infocom (Mar. 2004).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Nelakuditi, S., Lee, S., Yu, Y., Zhang, Z.-L., and Chuah, C.-N. Fast Local Rerouting for Handling Transient Link Failures. IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking 15, 2 (Apr. 2007), 359--372. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sharma, V., and Hellstrand, F. Framework for MPLS-based Recovery. RFC 3469, Feb. 2003.Google Scholar
- Teixeira, R., Shaikh, A., Griffin, T., and Rexford, J. Dynamics of Hot-Potato Routing in IP Networks. In Proc. ACM Sigmetrics (June 2004). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wang, J., and Nelakuditi, S. IP Fast Reroute with Failure Inferencing. Tech. Rep. TR-2007-006, University of South Carolina, June 2007.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zhong, Z., Nelakuditi, S., Yu, Y., Lee, S., Wang, J., and Chuah, C. Failure Inferencing based Fast Rerouting for Handling Transient Link and Node Failures. In GI (Mar. 2005).Google Scholar
Index Terms
- IP fast reroute with failure inferencing
Recommendations
IP fast reroute for double-link failure recovery
GLOBECOM'09: Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Global telecommunicationsFailure recovery using IP fast reroute (IPFRR) has gained much attention recently. The basic idea is to find backup paths and configure the routing tables in advance. After a failure is detected, the pre-determined backup paths are used immediately to ...
Fast reroute from single link and single node failures for IP multicast
The rise in multicast implementations has seen with it an increased support for fast failure recovery from link and node failures. Most recovery mechanisms augment additional services to existing protocols causing excessive overhead, and these ...
Selecting shorter alternate paths for tunnel-based IP Fast ReRoute in linear time
IP Fast ReRoute (IPFRR) has received increasing attention as a means to effectively shorten traffic disruption under failures. A major approach to implementing IPFRR is to pre-calculate backup paths for nodes and links. However, it may not be easy to ...
Comments