ABSTRACT
Many mobile devices have touch-sensitive screens that people interact with using fingers or thumbs. However, such interaction is difficult because targets become occluded, and because fingers and thumbs have low input resolution. Recent research has addressed occlusion through visual techniques. However, the poor resolution of finger and thumb selection still limits selection speed. In this paper, we address the selection speed problem through a new target selection technique called Escape. In Escape, targets are selected by gestures cued by icon position and appearance. A user study shows that for targets six to twelve pixels wide, Escape performs at a similar error rate and at least 30% faster than Shift, an alternative technique, on a similar task. We evaluate Escape's performance in different circumstances, including different icon sizes, icon overlap, use of color, and gesture direction. We also describe an algorithm that assigns icons to targets, thereby improving Escape's performance.
- Accot, J. and Zhai, S. More than dotting the i's ---- foundations for crossing-based interfaces. In Proceedings of CHI '02, ACM Press (2002), 73--80. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Albinsson, P. and Zhai, S. High precision touch screen interaction. In Proceedings of CHI '03, ACM Press (2003), 105--112. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Benko, H., Wilson, A. D., and Baudisch, P. Precise selection techniques for multi-touch screens. In Proceedings of CHI '06, ACM Press (2006), 1263--1272. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Fitts, P. M. The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47(6), (1954), 381--391.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Grossman, T., and Balakrishnan, R. The bubble cursor: enhancing target acquisition by dynamic resizing of the cursor's activation area. In Proceedings of CHI '05, ACM Press (2005), 281--290. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Guiard, Y., Blanch, R., and Beaudouin-Lafon, M. Object pointing: a complement to bitmap pointing in GUIs. In Proceedings of GI '04, ACM Press (2004), 9--16. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hinckley, K., Baudisch, P., Ramos, G., and Guimbretiere, F. Design and analysis of delimiters for selection-action pen gesture phrases in scriboli. In Proceedings of CHI '05, ACM Press (2005), 451--460. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Johnson, D. S. Approximation algorithms for combinatorial problems. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 9(3), (1974), 256--278.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Karlson, A. K., and Bederson, B. B. ThumbSpace: generalized one-handed input for touchscreen-based mobile devices, In Proceedings of INTERACT '07, Springer (2007), 324--338. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Karlson, A. K., Bederson, B. B., Contreras-Vidal, J. Understanding one handed use of mobile devices, Handbook of Research on User Interface Design and Evaluation for Mobile Technology, Idea Group, 2007.Google Scholar
- Karlson, A. K., Bederson, B. B., and SanGiovanni, J. AppLens and LaunchTile: two designs for one-handed thumb use on small devices. In Proceedings of CHI '05, ACM Press (2005), 201--210. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kurtenbach, G. and Buxton, W. The limits of expert performance using hierarchical marking menus. In INTERCHI '93, ACM Press (1993), 482--487. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Parhi, P., Karlson, A. K., and Bederson, B. B. Target size study for one-handed thumb use on small touchscreen devices. In Proceedings of MobileHCI '06, ACM Press (2006), 203--210. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Perlin, K. Quikwriting: continuous stylus-based text entry. In Proceedings of the UIST '98, ACM Press (1998), 215--216. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Potter, R. L., Weldon, L. J., and Shneiderman, B. Improving the accuracy of touch screens: an experimental evaluation of three strategies. In Proceedings of CHI '88, ACM Press (1988), 27--32. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sears, A. and B. Shneiderman, High precision touchscreens: design strategies and comparison with a mouse. International Journal of Man--Machine Studies, 43(4), (1991), 593--613. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Vogel, D. and Baudisch, P. Shift: a technique for operating pen-based interfaces using touch. In Proceedings of CHI '07, ACM Press (2007), 657--666. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zhao, S., Agrawala, M., and Hinckley, K. Zone and polygon menus: using relative position to increase the breadth of multi-stroke marking menus. In Proceedings of CHI'06, ACM Press (2006), 1077--1086. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Escape: a target selection technique using visually-cued gestures
Recommendations
Pinpointing: Precise Head- and Eye-Based Target Selection for Augmented Reality
CHI '18: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsHead and eye movement can be leveraged to improve the user's interaction repertoire for wearable displays. Head movements are deliberate and accurate, and provide the current state-of-the-art pointing technique. Eye gaze can potentially be faster and ...
RegionalSliding
Small target selection on mobile devices with touchscreens usually brings trouble to users due to the occlusion of the target by the user's finger, as well as the ambiguity about which part of the finger generates the contact point. In this paper, we ...
Float: One-Handed and Touch-Free Target Selection on Smartwatches
CHI '17: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsTouch interaction on smartwatches suffers from the awkwardness of having to use two hands and the "fat finger" problem. We present Float, a wrist-to-finger input approach that enables one-handed and touch-free target selection on smartwatches with high ...
Comments