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Automatic whiteout++: correcting mini-QWERTY typing errors using keypress timing
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Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems archive
Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems table of contents
Florence, Italy
SESSION: Post-QWERTY QWERTY table of contents
Pages 573-582  
Year of Publication: 2008
ISBN:978-1-60558-011-1
Authors
James Clawson  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
Kent Lyons  Intel Research, Santa Clara, CA, USA
Alex Rudnick  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
Robert A. Iannucci, Jr.  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
Thad Starner  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
Sponsors
ACM: Association for Computing Machinery
SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction
Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA
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ABSTRACT

By analyzing features of users' typing, Automatic Whiteout++ detects and corrects up to 32.37% of the errors made by typists while using a mini-QWERTY (RIM Blackberry style) keyboard. The system targets "off-by-one" errors where the user accidentally presses a key adjacent to the one intended. Using a database of typing from longitudinal tests on two different keyboards in a variety of contexts, we show that the system generalizes well across users, model of keyboard, user expertise, and keyboard visibility conditions. Since a goal of Automatic Whiteout++ is to embed it in the firmware of mini-QWERTY keyboards, it does not rely on a dictionary. This feature enables the system to correct errors mid-word instead of applying a correction after the word has been typed. Though we do not use a dictionary, we do examine the effect of varying levels of language context in the system's ability to detect and correct erroneous keypresses.


REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

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J. Clawson, K. Lyons, E. Clarkson, and T. Starner. Mobile text entry: An empirical study and analysis of mini-qwerty keyboards. Submitted to the Transaction on Computer Human Interaction Journal, 2006.
 
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J. Clawson, A. Rudnick, K. Lyons, and T. Starner. Automatic whiteout: Discovery and correction of typographical errors in mobile text input. In MobileHCI '07: Proceedings of the 9th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services, New York, NY, USA, 2007. ACM Press.
 
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S. R. Garner. Weka: The waikato environment for knowledge analysis. In Proceedings of the New Zealand Computer Science Research Students Conference, pages 57--64, 1995.
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K. Lyons, T. Starner, and B. Gane. Experimental evaluations of the twiddler one-handed chording mobile keyboard. Human-Computer Interaction, 2006.
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I. S. MacKenzie and R. W. Soukoreff. Text entry for mobile computing: Models and methods, theory and practice. Human-Computer Interaction, 17:147--198, 2002.
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D. Wigdor. Chording and tilting for rapid, unambiguous text entry to mobile phones. Master's thesis, University of Toronto, 2004.
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Collaborative Colleagues:
James Clawson: colleagues
Kent Lyons: colleagues
Alex Rudnick: colleagues
Robert A. Iannucci, Jr.: colleagues
Thad Starner: colleagues