skip to main content
research-article

Interactive procedural street modeling

Published: 01 August 2008 Publication History

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of interactively modeling large street networks. We introduce an intuitive and flexible modeling framework in which a user can create a street network from scratch or modify an existing street network. This is achieved through designing an underlying tensor field and editing the graph representing the street network. The framework is intuitive because it uses tensor fields to guide the generation of a street network. The framework is flexible because it allows the user to combine various global and local modeling operations such as brush strokes, smoothing, constraints, noise and rotation fields. Our results will show street networks and three-dimensional urban geometry of high visual quality.

Supplementary Material

FLV File (27.flv)
MOV File (a103-chen.mov)

References

[1]
AASHTO. 2004. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, 5th edition. American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials.
[2]
Alexander, C., Ishikawa, S., and Silverstein, M. 1977. A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. Oxford University Press, New York.
[3]
Aliaga, D. G., Beneš, B., Vanegas, C. A., and Andrysco, N. 2008. Interactive reconfiguration of urban layouts. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 28, 3, 38--47.
[4]
Alliez, P., Cohen-Steiner, D., Devillers, O., Lévy, B., and Desbrun, M. 2003. Anisotropic polygonal remeshing. ACM Transactions on Graphics 22, 3, 485--493.
[5]
Berg, M. D., Kreveld, M. V., Overmars, M., and Schwarzkopf, O. 2000. Computational Geometry. Springer-Verlag.
[6]
Board, T. R. 2000. Highway Capacity Manual; U.S. Customary Version. Transportation Research Board.
[7]
Cash, J. R., and Karp, A. H. 1990. A variable order Runge-Kutta method for initial value problems with rapidly varying right-hand sides. ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software 16, 201--222.
[8]
Chen, G., Mischaikow, K., Laramee, R. S., Pilarczyk, P., and Zhang, E. 2007. Vector field editing and periodic orbit extraction using morse decomposition. IEEE Transaction on Visualization and Computer Graphics 13, 1, 769--785.
[9]
Chenney, S. 2004. Flow tiles. In SCA '04: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation, Eurographics Association, Aire-la-Ville, Switzerland, Switzerland, 233--242.
[10]
Delmarcelle, T., and Hesselink, L. 1994. The Topology of Symmetric, Second-Order Tensor Fields. In Proceedings IEEE Visualization '94, 140--147.
[11]
Fisher, M., Schröder, P., Desbrun, M., and Hoppe, H. 2007. Design of tangent vector fields. ACM, New York, NY, USA, vol. 26, 56.
[12]
Gingroz, R., Robinson, R., Carter, D. K., Jr., B. J. L., and Ostergaard, P. 2004. The Architectural Pattern Book: A Tool for Building Great Neighborhoods. W. W. Norton & Company.
[13]
Glass, K. R., Morkel, C., and Bangay, S. D. 2006. Duplicating road patterns in south african informal settlements using procedural techniques. In Afrigaph '06: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics, virtual reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa, ACM Press, 161--169.
[14]
Hausner, A. 2001. Simulating decorative mosaics. In SIGGRAPH Proceedings, 573--580.
[15]
Hertzmann, A., and Zorin, D. 2000. Illustrating smooth surfaces. Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series (SIGGRAPH 2000) (Aug.), 517--526.
[16]
Hillier, B. 1996. Cities as movement economies. In Urban Design International, 41--60.
[17]
Hillier, B., 1998. The common language of space: A way of looking at the social, economic and environmental functioning of cities on a common basis.
[18]
Jobard, B., and Lefer, W. 1997. Creating evenly-spaced streamlines of arbitrary density. Proc. Eighth Eurographics Workshop on Visualization in Scientific Computing, 45--55.
[19]
Kim, J., and Pellacini, F. 2002. Jigsaw image mosaics. In SIGGRAPH 2002 Conference Proceedings, ACM Press/ACM SIGGRAPH, J. Hughes, Ed., Annual Conference Series, 657--664.
[20]
Legakis, J., Dorsey, J., and Gortler, S. J. 2001. Feature-based cellular texturing for architectural models. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2001, ACM Press, E. Fiume, Ed., 309--316.
[21]
Mannering, F. L., Kilareski, W. P., and Washburn, S. S. 2005. Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
[22]
Marinov, M., and Kobbelt, L. 2004. Direct anisotropic quad-dominant remeshing. Computer Graphics and Applications, 12th Pacific Conference on (PG'04), 207--216.
[23]
Měch, R., and Prusinkiewicz, P. 1996. Visual models of plants interacting with their environment. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 96, ACM Press, H. Rushmeier, Ed., 397--410.
[24]
Mould, D. 2005. Image-guided fracture. In GI '05: Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Graphics interface, Canadian Human-Computer Communications Society, 219--226.
[25]
Müller, P., Wonka, P., Haegler, S., Ulmer, A., and Van Gool, L. 2006. Procedural Modeling of Buildings. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 / ACM Transactions on Graphics.
[26]
Ni, X., Garland, M., and Hart, J. C. 2004. Fair morse functions for extracting the topological structure of a surface mesh. ACM Transactions on Graphics (SIGGRAPH 2004) 23, 3 (Aug.), 613--622.
[27]
Palacios, J., and Zhang, E. 2007. Rotational symmetry field design on surfaces. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3, 55.
[28]
Parish, Y. I. H., and Müller, P. 2001. Procedural modeling of cities. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2001, ACM Press, E. Fiume, Ed., 301--308.
[29]
Perlin, K. 1985. An image synthesizer. In SIGGRAPH '85: Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, 287--296.
[30]
Pharr, M., and Humphreys, G. 2004. Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation. Morgan Kaufmann.
[31]
Praun, E., Finkelstein, A., and Hoppe, H. 2000. Lapped textures. Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series (SIGGRAPH 2000) (Aug.), 465--470.
[32]
Press, W. H., Teukolsky, S. A., Vetterling, W. T., and Flannery, B. P. 1992. Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, USA.
[33]
PROCEDURAL, 2008. CityEngine. http://www.procedural.com.
[34]
Prusinkiewicz, P., and Lindenmayer, A. 1991. The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants. Springer Verlag.
[35]
Prusinkiewicz, P., James, M., and Měch, R. 1994. Synthetic topiary. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 94, ACM Press, A. Glassner, Ed., 351--358.
[36]
Prusinkiewicz, P., Mündermann, P., Karwowski, R., and Lane, B. 2001. The use of positional information in the modeling of plants. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2001, ACM Press, E. Fiume, Ed., 289--300.
[37]
Prusinkiewicz, P., Federl, P., Karwowski, R., and Mech, R. 2003. L-systems and beyond. ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Course Notes (Aug.).
[38]
Punter, J. 1999. Design Guidelines in American Cities. Liverpool University Press.
[39]
Ray, N., Vallet, B., Li, W.-C., and Levy, B. to appear. Nsymmetry direction field design. ACM Transactions on Graphics.
[40]
Runions, A., Fuhrer, M., Lane, B., Federl, P., Rollandlagan, A.-G., and Prusinkiewicz, P. 2005. Modeling and visualization of leaf venation patterns. ACM Transactions on Graphics 24, 3, 702--711.
[41]
Sethian, J. 1996. A fast marching level set method for monotonically advancing fronts. In Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. 93, 1591--1595.
[42]
Shapiro, L. G., and Stockman, G. C. 2001. Computer Vision. Prentice Hall.
[43]
Shirriff, K. 1993. Generating fractals from Voronoi diagrams. Computers and Graphics 17, 2, 165--167.
[44]
Stiny, G. 1977. Ice-ray: a note on chinese lattice designs. Environment and Planning B 4, 89--98.
[45]
Sun, J., Yu, X., Baciu, G., and Green, M. 2002. Template-based generation of road networks for virtual city modeling. In VRST '02: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 33--40.
[46]
Turk, G. 2001. Texture synthesis on surfaces. Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series (SIGGRAPH 2001), 347--354.
[47]
van Wijk, J. J. 2002. Image based flow visualization. In SIGGRAPH '02: Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 745--754.
[48]
Wei, L. Y., and Levoy, M. 2001. Texture synthesis over arbitrary manifold surfaces. Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series (SIGGRAPH 2001), 355--360.
[49]
Wilson, A., and Brannon, R. 2005. Exploring 2d tensor fields using stress nets. IEEE Visualization Proceeding, 11--18.
[50]
Witten, T. A., and Sander, L. M. 1981. Diffusion-limited aggregation, a kinetic critical phenomenon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 1400--1403.
[51]
Wonka, P., Wimmer, M., Sillion, F., and Ribarsky, W. 2003. Instant architecture. ACM Transactions on Graphics 22, 3, 669--677.
[52]
Worley, S. 1996. A cellular texture basis function. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 96, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 291--294.
[53]
Wyvill, B., van Overveld, K., and Carpendale, S. 2004. Creating Cracks for Batik Renderings. NPAR 2004 Proceedings of the third international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering, 61--70.
[54]
Xu, J., and Kaplan, C. S. 2007. Image-guided maze construction. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3, 29.
[55]
Zhang, E., Mischaikow, K., and Turk, G. 2006. Vector field design on surfaces. ACM Transactions on Graphics 25, 4, 1294--1326.
[56]
Zhang, E., Hays, J., and Turk, G. 2007. Interactive tensor field design and visualization on surfaces. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 13, 1, 94--107.
[57]
Zheng, X., and Pang, A. 2005. 2d asymmetric tensor analysis. In IEEE Visualization, 1--8.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Large Scale Farm Scene Modeling from Remote Sensing ImageryACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368791843:6(1-12)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
  • (2024)Digital Twin of Rail for Defect AnalysisProceedings of the 2024 8th International Conference on Virtual and Augmented Reality Simulations10.1145/3657547.3657549(53-60)Online publication date: 14-Mar-2024
  • (2024)Hierarchical Co‐generation of Parcels and Streets in Urban ModelingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1505343:2Online publication date: 27-Apr-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics
ACM Transactions on Graphics  Volume 27, Issue 3
August 2008
844 pages
ISSN:0730-0301
EISSN:1557-7368
DOI:10.1145/1360612
Issue’s Table of Contents

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 August 2008
Published in TOG Volume 27, Issue 3

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. procedural modeling
  2. street modeling
  3. street networks
  4. tensor field design
  5. tensor fields

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)45
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)4
Reflects downloads up to 19 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Large Scale Farm Scene Modeling from Remote Sensing ImageryACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368791843:6(1-12)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
  • (2024)Digital Twin of Rail for Defect AnalysisProceedings of the 2024 8th International Conference on Virtual and Augmented Reality Simulations10.1145/3657547.3657549(53-60)Online publication date: 14-Mar-2024
  • (2024)Hierarchical Co‐generation of Parcels and Streets in Urban ModelingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1505343:2Online publication date: 27-Apr-2024
  • (2024)Asymptotic Topology of 3D Linear Symmetric Tensor Fields2024 IEEE Topological Data Analysis and Visualization (TopoInVis)10.1109/TopoInVis64104.2024.00010(55-64)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Automatic 3D Road Surface Reconstruction via Cross-Section Modeling and Interpolation*2024 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)10.1109/IROS58592.2024.10801670(13664-13670)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2024
  • (2024)CityDreamer: Compositional Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Cities2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)10.1109/CVPR52733.2024.00923(9666-9675)Online publication date: 16-Jun-2024
  • (2024)Semantic interpretation of raw survey vehicle sensory data for lane-level HD map generationRobotics and Autonomous Systems10.1016/j.robot.2023.104513172(104513)Online publication date: Feb-2024
  • (2024)JAHAN: A framework for procedural generation of game maps from design specificationsEntertainment Computing10.1016/j.entcom.2024.10064450(100644)Online publication date: May-2024
  • (2024)A systematic review of urban form generation and optimization for performance-driven urban designBuilding and Environment10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.111269253(111269)Online publication date: Apr-2024
  • (2023)Make Your Brief Stroke Real and Stereoscopic: 3D-Aware Simplified Sketch to Portrait GenerationProceedings of the 25th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3577190.3614106(388-396)Online publication date: 9-Oct-2023
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Full Access

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media