skip to main content
article

Inducing multiscale clustering using multistage MAC contention in CDMA ad hoc networks

Published: 01 December 2007 Publication History

Abstract

This paper proposes a new principle for designing MAC protocols for CDMA-based ad hoc networks-inducing spatial clustering in contending transmitters/receivers. We first highlight the advantages of CDMA in handling quality of service (QoS) requirements, enhancing energy efficiency, and enabling spatial multiplexing of bursty traffic. Then, based on stochastic geometric models and simulation, we show how idealized contention resolution among randomly distributed nodes results in clustering of successful transmitters and receivers, in turn leading to efficient spatial reuse. This motivates the central idea of the paper which is to explicitly induce clustering among contending nodes to achieve even better spatial reuse. We propose two distributed mechanisms to realize such clustering and show substantial capacity gains over simple random access/ALOHA-like and even RTS/CTS-based protocols. We examine under what regimes such gains can be achieved, and how clustering and contention resolution mechanisms should be optimized to do so. We propose the design of ad hoc networks supporting hop-by-hop relaying on different spatial scales. By allowing nodes to relay beyond the set of nearest neighbors using varying transmission distances (scales), one can reduce the number of hops between a source and destination so as to meet end-to-end delay requirements. To that end we propose a multi-scale MAC clustering and power control mechanism to support transmissions with different ranges while achieving high spatial reuse. The considerations, analysis and simulations included in this paper suggest that the principle of inducing spatial clustering in contention has substantial promise towards achieving high spatial reuse, QoS, and energy efficiency in CDMA ad hoc networks.

References

[1]
{1} P. Gupta and P. R. Kumar, "The capacity of wireless networks," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 388-404, Mar. 2000.
[2]
{2} M. Grossglauser and D. Tse, "Mobility increases the capacity of ad hoc wireless networks," IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 477-486, Aug. 2002.
[3]
{3} M. Haenggi and D. Puccinelli, "Routing in ad hoc networks: A case for long hops," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 93-101, Oct. 2005.
[4]
{4} M. Stemm and R. H. Katz, "Measuring and reducing energy consumption of network interfaces in hand-held devices," IEICE Trans. Commun.--Special Issue Mobile Comput., vol. E80-B, no. 8, pp. 1290-1302, 1997.
[5]
{5} K. S. Gilhousen, I. M. Jacobs, R. Padovani, A. J. Viterbi, L. A. Weaver, and C. E. Wheatley, "On the capacity of a cellular CDMA system," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 303-312, May 1991.
[6]
{6} M. Pursley, "The role of spread spectrum in packet radio networks," Proc. IEEE, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 116-134, Jan. 1987.
[7]
{7} T. J. Shepard, "A channel access scheme for large dense packet radio networks," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 1996, pp. 219-230.
[8]
{8} S. Weber, X. Yang, G. de Veciana, and J. G. Andrews, "Transmission capacity of ad hoc networks with outage constraint," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1275-1288, Dec. 2005.
[9]
{9} F. Baccelli, B. Blaszczyszyn, and P. Muhlethaler, "An ALOHA protocol for multihop mobile wireless networks," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 421-436, Feb. 2006.
[10]
{10} T. ElBatt and A. Ephremides, "Joint scheduling and power control for wireless ad hoc networks," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, 2002, pp. 976-984.
[11]
{11} J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves and J. Raju, "Distributed assignment of codes for multihop packet-radio networks," in Proc. IEEE MILCOM, 1997, pp. 450-454.
[12]
{12} M. Joa-Ng and I. Lu, "Spread spectrum medium access protocol with collision avoidance in mobile ad hoc wireless network," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, 1999, pp. 776-783.
[13]
{13} J. P. Monks, V. Bharghavan, and W. Hwu, "A power controlled multiple access protocol for wireless packet networks," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM , 2001, pp. 219-228.
[14]
{14} A. Muqattash and M. Krunz, "CDMA-based MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks," in Proc. ACM MOBIHOC, 2003, pp. 153-164.
[15]
{15} C. R. Lin and M. Gerla, "Adaptive clustering for mobile wireless networks," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 1265-1275, Sep. 1997.
[16]
{16} V. Kawadia and P. Kumar, "Power control and clustering in ad hoc networks," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, 2003, pp. 459-469.
[17]
{17} B. Tavli and W. B. Heinzelman, "MH-TRACE: Multihop time reservation using adaptive control for energy efficiency," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 942-953, Jun. 2004.
[18]
{18} D. Stoyan, W. Kendall, and J. Mecke, Stochastic Geometry and Its Applications . Chichester, U.K.: Wiley, 1995.
[19]
{19} J. Stine and G. de Veciana, "A paradigm for quality of service in wireless ad hoc networks using synchronous signaling and node states," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 1301-1321, Sep. 2004.
[20]
{20} J. Elson, L. Girod, and D. Estrin, "Fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts," in Proc. ACM OSDI, 2002, pp. 147-163.
[21]
{21} J. Stine, G. de Veciana, K. H. Grace, and R. C. Durst, "Orchestrating spatial reuse in wireless ad hoc networks using synchronous collision resolution (SCR)," J. Interconnection Networks, vol. 3, no. 3-4, pp. 167-198, Sep.-Dec. 2002.
[22]
{22} A. Muqattash and M. Krunz, "A single-channel solution for transmission power control in wireless ad hoc networks," in Proc. ACM MOBIHOC , 2004, pp. 210-221.
[23]
{23} R. Rozovsky and P. R. Kumar, "SEEDEX: AMAC protocol for ad hoc networks," in Proc. ACM MOBIHOC, 2001, pp. 67-75.
[24]
{24} E. S. Sousa and J. A. Silvester, "Optimum transmission ranges in a direct-sequence spread-spectrum multihop packet radio network," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 762-771, Jun. 1990.
[25]
{25} L. Kleinrock and J. Silvester, "Spatial reuse in multihop packet radio networks," Proc. IEEE, vol. 751, no. 1, pp. 156-167, Jan. 1987.
[26]
{26} L. Bao and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, "Transmission scheduling in ad hoc networks with directional antennas," in Proc. ACM MOBICOM, 2002, pp. 48-58.

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Aggregation Technique Using Dynamic Cross-Propagation Clustering Algorithm in Wireless Body Sensor NetworksWireless Communications & Mobile Computing10.1155/2022/61025842022Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
  • (2022)A proactive Medium Access Control (MAC) for finite-sized machine-to-machine (M2M) communication networksComputers and Electrical Engineering10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.108243102:COnline publication date: 1-Sep-2022
  • (2012)Scheduling for network-coded multicastIEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking10.1109/TNET.2011.218073620:5(1479-1488)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2012
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking  Volume 15, Issue 6
December 2007
400 pages

Publisher

IEEE Press

Publication History

Published: 01 December 2007
Published in TON Volume 15, Issue 6

Author Tags

  1. Ad hoc network
  2. CDMA
  3. MAC
  4. clustering
  5. contention

Qualifiers

  • Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)2
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 20 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Aggregation Technique Using Dynamic Cross-Propagation Clustering Algorithm in Wireless Body Sensor NetworksWireless Communications & Mobile Computing10.1155/2022/61025842022Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
  • (2022)A proactive Medium Access Control (MAC) for finite-sized machine-to-machine (M2M) communication networksComputers and Electrical Engineering10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.108243102:COnline publication date: 1-Sep-2022
  • (2012)Scheduling for network-coded multicastIEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking10.1109/TNET.2011.218073620:5(1479-1488)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2012
  • (2010)Statistics of co-channel interference in a field of Poisson and Poisson-Poisson clustered interferersIEEE Transactions on Signal Processing10.1109/TSP.2010.207292258:12(6207-6222)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2010
  • (2010)An overview of the transmission capacity of wireless networksIEEE Transactions on Communications10.1109/TCOMM.2010.093010.09047858:12(3593-3604)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2010
  • (2009)Interference in Large Wireless NetworksFoundations and Trends® in Networking10.1561/13000000153:2(127-248)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2009

View Options

Login options

Full Access

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media