ABSTRACT
If the packet loss rate in a network is higher than the loss rate requested by an application, the transport protocol must make up for the difference in loss rate. In high bandwidth delay-product networks the latency introduced by retransmission-based error recovery schemes may be too high for applications with latency constraints. In this case, Forward Error Correction (FEC) can be used. FEC allows recovery from loss without retransmission. The amount of loss recovered strongly depends on the loss behavior of the network. FEC works best if losses are dispersed in time.
We use simulation to study the loss behavior of an output buffered multiplexer for three different traffic scenarios. Our results show how the loss behavior of the multiplexer is affected by the traffic mix and the statistics of the sources. The more bursty the sources, the higher the loss rate and the higher the probability that losses will occur in bursts. Based on simulation results, we develop a mathematical model for the performance of FEC and compute the effectiveness of FEC for the three traffic scenarios. FEC is not effective for the two homogeneous traffic scenarios. However, FEC reduces the loss rate for the video sources by several orders of magnitude for a heterogeneous traffic scenario consisting of video and burst sources.
- 1.Comit6 Consultatif International de T616graphique et T616phonique, "Broadband Aspects of ISDN", Recommendation 1.121, 1989.Google Scholar
- 2.S. E. Minzer, "Broadband ISDN and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)", IEEE Communications, 27(9): 17-24, September 1989.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 3.J. D. Spragins, J. L. Hammond, and K. Pawlikowski, Telecommunications: Protocols and Design, Addison- Wesley Publ., Reading, MA, 1991. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 4.S. Kaneda and E. Fujiwara, "Single Bit Error Correcting Double Bit Error Detecting Codes for Memory Systems'', IEEE Trans. on Computers, C-31(7):596--602, July 1982.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 5.L. B. Vries and K. Odaka, "CIRC --- The Error Correcting Code for the Compact Disk", The AES Premier Conference-- The New World of Digital Audio, June 1982.Google Scholar
- 6.E. R. Berlekamp, R. E. Peile, and S. P. Pope, "The Application of Error Control in Communications", IEEE Communications Magazine, 25(4):44-57, April 1987.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 7.K. Kawashima and H. Saito, "Teletraffic Issues in ATM Networks", Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 20:369-375, 1990.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 8.A.J. McAuley, "Reliable Broadband Communications Using a Burst Erasure Correcting Code", Proc. ACM SIGCOMM 90, pp. 287-306, Philadelphia, PA, September 1990. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 9.P. H. Ang, P. Ruetz, and D. Auld, "Video Compression Makes Big Gains", IEEE Spectrum, pp. 16-19, October 1991. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 10.R. Grtlnfelder et al., "Characterization of Video Codes as Autoregressive Moving Average Processes and Related Queueing Systems Performance", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 9(3):284-293, April 1991.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 11.D. Maglaris et al., "Performance Models of Statistical Multiplexing in Packet Video Communications", IEEE Transactions on Communications, 36(7):834-844, July 1988.Google Scholar
- 12.S. S. Huang, "Modeling and Analysis for Packet Video", Proc. GLOBECOM '89, pp. 881-885, Dallas, TX, November 1989.Google Scholar
- 13.M. W. Garrett and M. Vetterli, "Congestion Control Strategies for Packet Video", Proc. 4th Int. Workshop on Packet Video, Kyoto, Japan, August 1991.Google Scholar
- 14.E. W. Biersack, "A Simulation Study of Forward Error Correction in ATM Networks", Computer Communications Review, 22(1):36-.47, January 1992. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 15.N. Shacham and E McKenny, "Packet Recovery in High-Spee~ Networks using Coding", Proc. INFO- COM 90, pp. 124-131, San Francisco, CA, June 1990.Google Scholar
- 16.H. Ohta and T. Kitami, "A Cell Loss Recovery Method Using FEC in ATM Networks", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 9(9): 1471-1483, December 1991.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 17.L. Zhang and K. W. Sarkies, "Modelling of a Virtual Path and its Applications for Forward Error Recovery Coding Schemes in ATM Networks", Proc. SICON '91, Singapore, September 1991.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Performance evaluation of Forward Error Correction in ATM networks
Recommendations
Performance evaluation of Forward Error Correction in ATM networks
If the packet loss rate in a network is higher than the loss rate requested by an application, the transport protocol must make up for the difference in loss rate. In high bandwidth delay-product networks the latency introduced by retransmission-based ...
A simulation study of forward error correction in ATM networks
If the packet loss rate in a network is higher than the loss rate requested by an application, the transport protocol must make up for the difference in loss rate. In high bandwidth delay-product networks the latency introduced by retransmission-based ...
Performance Improvement in Broadband Networks Using Forward Error Correction for Lost Packet Recovery
In this paper we analyze and provide simulation results for the use of forward error control (FEC) to improve the delay-throughput performance of packetized high-speed networks. The major source of errors in high-speed networks is expected to be buffer ...
Comments