skip to main content
10.1145/1476589.1476652acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesafipsConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Free Access

A computational model of verbal understanding

Published:09 December 1968Publication History

ABSTRACT

The long-term goal for computational linguistics is to increase our understanding of linguistic and conceptual structures and to formally describe them so that computers can deal effectively with natural languages in such applications as question answering, stylistic and content analysis, essay writing, automated translation, etc. The eventual realization of this goal requires not only a satisfactory model of linguistic structures, but also models for verbal understanding and verbal meaning. In this paper we outline a theory and a model of verbal understanding and describe Protosynthex III, an experimental implementation of the model in the form of a general-purpose language processing system. The effectiveness of the model in representing the process of verbal understanding is demonstrated in terms of Protosynthex III's capability to disambiguate English sentences, to answer a range of English questions and to derive and generate meaning-preserving paraphrases.

References

  1. D G Bobrow J B Fraser M R Quillian Automated language processing In Cuadra C A (ed) Annual Review of Information Science and Technology Interscience New York 1967 Vol 2Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. S Kuno Computer analysis of natural languages. Presented at Symposium on Mathematical Aspects of Computer Science American Mathematical Society New York April 5--7 1966Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. R F Simmons Automated language processing In Cuadra C A (ed) Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (Interscience New York 1966) Vol 1Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. G Salton Automated language processing In Cuadra C A (ed) Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (Interscience New York 1966) Vol 1Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. R F Simmons Answering english questions by computer a survey Comm ACM 8 1 (1965) pp 53--70. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. R Quillian Word concepts a theory and simulation of some basic semantic capabilities Paper 79 CIT Pittsburgh Pa April 5 1965Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. R Quillian Semantic memory PhD Thesis Carnegie Institute of Technology Pittsburgh Pa February 1966Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. K N Colby Computer simulation of change in personal belief systems Behavioral Science (1967 in press)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. H G Bohnert P O Becker Automated English-to-logic translation in a simplified model IBM (Thomas J Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights New York March 1966) AFOSR 66--1727 (AD-637 227) 117 ppGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. R P Abelson J D Canoll Computer simulation of individual belief systems The American Behavioral Scientist 9 24--30 (May 1965)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. C C Green B Raphael Research on intelligent question-answering system Stanford Research Institute Scientific Report No 1 Menlo Park Calif May 1967Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. R F Simmons J F Burger R E Long An approach toward answering English questions from text Proceedings of the 1966 Fall Joint Computer Conference pp 357--363 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. J J Katz Recent issues in semantic theory Foundations of Language 3 124--194 (1967)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. W A Woods Jr Semantic interpretation of English questions on structured data base Mathematical Linguistics and Automatic Translation Report NSF-17 The Computation Lab Harvard University Cambridge Mass 1966 39 ppGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. R M Schwarcz Steps toward a model of linguistic performance a preliminary sketch The RAND Corporation Memorandum RM-5214-PR Santa Monica Calif January 1967Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. C H Kellogg On-line translation of natural language questions into artifical language queries SDC document SP-2827 April 28 1967 47 pp (a)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  17. C H Kellogg CONVERSE---a system for the on-line description and retrieval of structured data using natural language SDC document SP-2635 May 26 1967 pp Presented at IFIP/FID Conference on Mechanized Information Storage Retrieval and Dissemination. Rome Italy June 1967 (b)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. M Kay The tabular parser a parsing program for phrase structure and dependency The RAND Corporation Memorandum RM-4933-PR Santa Monica Calif July 1966Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. M Kay Experiments with a powerful parser The RAND Corporation Memorandum RM-5452-PR Santa Monica Calif October 1967Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  20. G A Miller E Glanter K H Pribram Plans and the structure behavior Holt New York 1960Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. J Deese Some contributions of psycholinguistic studies to content analysis Paper presented to National Conference on Content Analysis Philadelphia November 16--18 1967Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. W R Reitman Cognition and thought; an information processing approach John Wiley and Sons New York 1965Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. F H Allport Theories of perception and concept of structure John Wiley and Sons New York 1955Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. N Chomsky Aspects of the theory of syntax Cambridge Mass MIT Press 1965 251 pp (Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Lab of Electronics Special Technical Report No 11)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  25. C J Fillmore A proposal concerning English prepositions In Dineen FP (ed) Report of the Seventeenth Annual Round Table Meeting on Linguistics and Langlage Studies (Georgetown University Press Washington DC 1966) pp 19--34Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. C J Fillmore The case for case The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 1967Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  27. R F Simmons J F Burger A semantic analyzer for English sentences SDC document SP-2987 January 10 1968 45 ppGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  28. Y Wilks Computable semantic derivations SDC document SP-3017 January 15 1968 160 ppGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  29. R F Simmons H F Silberman A plan for research toward computeraided instruction with natural English SDC document TM-3623 August 21 1967 40 ppGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  30. A Newell H A Simon GPS; a program that simulates human thought In Feignbaum E and Feldman J (eds) Computers and Thought (McGraw Hill New York 1963) Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  31. J C Olney D L Londe An analysis of English discourse structure with particular attention to anaphoric relationships SDC document SP-2769 November 10 1967 10 ppGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  1. A computational model of verbal understanding

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Login options

      Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

      Sign in
      • Published in

        cover image ACM Other conferences
        AFIPS '68 (Fall, part I): Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I
        December 1968
        931 pages
        ISBN:9781450378994
        DOI:10.1145/1476589

        Copyright © 1968 ACM

        Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

        Publisher

        Association for Computing Machinery

        New York, NY, United States

        Publication History

        • Published: 9 December 1968

        Permissions

        Request permissions about this article.

        Request Permissions

        Check for updates

        Qualifiers

        • research-article

      PDF Format

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader