ABSTRACT
Virtualization technology has gained significant adoption in various domains as a means to lower costs and enable greener solutions. Recently, there has been a significant amount of interest in employing virtualization technology in the telecommunications domain in order to save costs through server consolidation and to provide energy-efficient solutions. The availability of high-end multi-core servers provides powerful platforms for deployment. However, the telecommunications domain poses unique challenges for virtualization technology to be successfully deployed even in these compute-rich multi-core environments. This work discusses these challenges. It provides a detailed analysis of the performance implications of hosting enterprise IP telephony infrastructure in virtualized environments. Unlike signaling applications that are comparatively more tolerant of underlying platform performance, media applications are far more demanding. Our work, therefore, focuses on the performance of media applications (media server, voice-mail, etc.) in virtualized environments. We develop a model for workloads used in enterprise IP telephony. We then evaluate the impact of various hypervisor scheduler and I/O parameters in order to determine good parameter settings for such workloads. Our experiments use the Xen virtualization platform. The results presented in this work will be useful for telecommunication solution providers to understand the capabilities and limitations of virtual environments when deploying their applications.
- "Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) for Linux." http://www.linux-kvm.org.Google Scholar
- VMware Inc., "VMware ESX and VMware ESXi." http://www.vmware.com/products/vi/esx.Google Scholar
- "Xen 3.3." http://www.xen.org/files/xen3.3press.pdf.Google Scholar
- Intel, "Intel virtualization technology (Intel VT)." http://www.intel.com/technology/virtualization/.Google Scholar
- AMD, "AMD virtualization technology (AMD-V)." http://www.amd.com/virtualization.Google Scholar
- P. Apparao, R. Iyer, X. Zhang, D. Newell, and T. Adelmeyer, "Characterization & analysis of a server consolidation benchmark", in VEE '08: Proceedings of the fourth ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments, pp. 21--30, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Menon, J. R. Santos, Y. Turner, G. J. Janakiraman, and W. Zwaenepoel, "Diagnosing performance overheads in the Xen virtual machine environment", in VEE '05: Proceedings of the 1st ACM/USENIX international conference on Virtual execution environments, pp. 13--23, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Menon, A. L. Cox, and W. Zwaenepoel, "Optimizing network virtualization in Xen", in ATC '06: Proceedings of USENIX '06 Annual Technical Conference, pp. 2--2, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- P. Barham, B. Dragovic, K. Fraser, S. Hand, T. Harris, A. Ho, R. Neugebauer, I. Pratt, and A. Warfield, "Xen and the art of virtualization", in SOSP '03: Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles, pp. 164--177, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- X. Zhang and Y. Dong, "Optimizing Xen VMM based on Intel virtualization technology", in ICICSE '08: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Internet Computing in Science and Engineering, pp. 367--374, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- P. Apparao, S. Makineni, and D. Newell, "Characterization of network processing overheads in Xen", in VTDC '06: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Virtualization Technology in Distributed Computing, p. 2, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- H. Oi and F. Nakajima, "Performance analysis of large receive offload in a Xen virtualized system", Computer Engineering and Technology, International Conference on, vol. 1, pp. 475--480, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- P. Willmann, J. Shafer, D. Carr, A. Menon, S. Rixner, A. L. Cox, and W. Zwaenepoel, "Concurrent direct network access for virtual machine monitors", in HPCA '07: Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE 13th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture, pp. 306--317, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. R. Santos, Y. Turner, G. Janakiraman, and I. Pratt, "Bridging the gap between software and hardware techniques for I/O virtualization", in ATC'08: USENIX 2008 Annual Technical Conference, pp. 29--42, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R. Jones, "Netperf: A network performance monitoring tool." http:/www.netperf.org/.Google Scholar
- "NetXen." http://www.netxen.com/.Google Scholar
- "Crossbow." http://opensolaris.org/os/project/crossbow/.Google Scholar
- "Intel VMDq." http://www.intel.com/technology/platform-technology/virtualization/VMDq_whitepaper.pdf.Google Scholar
- H. Raj and K. Schwan, "High performance and scalable I/O virtualization via self-virtualized devices", in HPDC '07: Proceedings of the 16th international symposium on High performance distributed computing, pp. 179--188, ACM, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Liu, W. Huang, B. Abali, and D. K. Panda, "High performance VMM-bypass I/O in virtual machines", in ATC '06: Proceedings of USENIX '06 Annual Technical Conference, pp. 3--3, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Thibault, "Stub domains", in Xen Summit, June 2008.Google Scholar
- D. Ongaro, A. L. Cox, and S. Rixner, "Scheduling I/O in virtual machine monitors", in VEE '08: Proceedings of the fourth ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments, pp. 1--10, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Govindan, A. R. Nath, A. Das, B. Urgaonkar, and A. Sivasubramaniam, "Xen and co.: communication-aware CPU scheduling for consolidated Xen-based hosting platforms", in VEE '07: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Virtual execution environments, pp. 126--136, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Liao, D. Guo, L. Bhuyan, and S. R. King, "Software techniques to improve virtualized I/O performance on multi-core systems", in ANCS '08: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE Symposium on Architectures for Networking and Communications Systems, pp. 161--170, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Microsoft Inc., "Virtualization with Hyper-V." http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv.aspx.Google Scholar
- J. Harper and A. Liguori, "HVM I/O performance", in Xen Summit, April 2007.Google Scholar
- H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick, and V. Jacobson, "RTP: A transport protocol for real-time applications." http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3550. Google ScholarDigital Library
- E. Ackaouy., "New CPU scheduler w/SMP load balancer." http://lists.xensource.com/archives/html/xen-devel/2006-05/msg01315.htm.Google Scholar
- Intel, "Intel virtualization technology for directed I/O." http://www.intel.com/technology/itj/2006/v10i3/2-io/3-vmm-software-architecture.htm.Google Scholar
- Xensource, "Xen wiki webpgage for Xen scheduling." http://wiki.xensource.com/xenwiki/Scheduling.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Performance implications of hosting enterprise telephony applications on virtualized multi-core platforms
Recommendations
Transparently bridging semantic gap in CPU management for virtualized environments
Consolidated environments are progressively accommodating diverse and unpredictable workloads in conjunction with virtual desktop infrastructure and cloud computing. Unpredictable workloads, however, aggravate the semantic gap between the virtual ...
Two Optimization Mechanisms to Improve the Isolation Property of Server Consolidation in Virtualized Multi-core Server
HPCC '10: Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 12th International Conference on High Performance Computing and CommunicationsVirtualization brings many benefits such as improving system utilization and reducing cost through server consolidation. However, it also introduces isolation problem when running multiple virtual machine workloads in one physical platform. Additionally,...
Server consolidation with migration control for virtualized data centers
Virtualization has become a key technology for simplifying service management and reducing energy costs in data centers. One of the challenges faced by data centers is to decide when, how, and which virtual machines (VMs) have to be consolidated into a ...
Comments