ABSTRACT
Although the dyslexia has significant occurrence in the global population, ranging from 15 to 20%, not much is known about how developers, designers, and content producers should respect differences and consider people with dyslexia in the Web. In this paper we present a survey regarding the state of the art on dyslexia and Web Accessibility. From the results, we present a set of 41 guidelines that may support website stakeholders (i.e., people directly involved with the design, development, and content) in phases involving design, coding, and Web content insertion. Moreover, we propose a mapping of these guidelines considering the responsibilities of different roles of websites stakeholders. Informed by this survey we expect development teams to objectively consider abilities of people with dyslexia in order to remove accessibility barriers.
- Abascal, Julio; Nicolle, Colette (2005) Moving towards inclusive design guidelines for socially and ethically aware HCI. Interacting with Computers 17 (2005) 484--505 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Abascal, Julio; Azevedo, Luis (2007) Fundamentals of Inclusive HCI Design. Universal Acess in Human Computer Interaction. Coping with Diversity Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007, Volume 4554/2007, 3--9, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-73279-2_1 Google ScholarCross Ref
- APA - American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, Washington, D. C.Google Scholar
- Al-Wabil, Areej; Zaphiris, Panayiotis; Wilson, Stephanie (2007) Web Navigation for Individuals with Dyslexia: An Exploratory Study. Universal Access in Human Computer Interaction. Coping with Diversity Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007, Volume 4554/2007, 593--602, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-73279-2_66 Google ScholarCross Ref
- BDA - British Dyslexia Association (2009) Good practice guidelines for supporting employees with dyslexia in the workplace. <http://www.nafd.org.uk/media/150667/bda%20employer%20code_of_practice.pdf>. Accessed in: 18/05/2011Google Scholar
- Beauchamp, N. (n.d.) Case Study of a Dyslexic Person's Visual Perceptual Problems: A Fizz Effect. IMPACT Research Group, Computer Science, Loughborough University. <http://www.engsc.ac.uk/downloads/Disability/fizz.pdf>Google Scholar
- Bradford, John (2010) Designing web pages for dyslexic readers. Dyslexia Online Magazine. <http://www.dyslexia-parent.com/mag35.html>.Google Scholar
- Connell, B. R., Jones, M., Mace, R. et al. (1997) About UD: Universal Design Principles. Version 2.0. Raleigh: The Center for Universal Design. <http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/about_ud/udprinciples.htm> Accessed in: 21/08/2010.Google Scholar
- Dickinson, A.; Gregor P.; Newell, A. F. (2002). Ongoing investigation of the ways in which some of the problems encountered by some dyslexics can be alleviated using computer techniques. In Proceedings of the fifth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies(Assets '02). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 97--103. DOI=10.1145/638249.638268 <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/638249.638268> Google ScholarDigital Library
- EUA (2010). Section508 Standards Guide. <http://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?fuseAction=stdsdoc#Web>. Accessed in: 31/05/2011.Google Scholar
- Handler, S. M.; Fierson, W. M. (2011) Learning Disabilities, Dyslexia, and Vision. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-3670; originally published online February 28, 2011; 2011; 127; e818 Pediatrics.Google Scholar
- IDA - International Dyslexia Association (2007) What Is Dyslexia? <http://www.interdys.org/FAQWhatIs.htm>. Accessed in: 16/05/2011Google Scholar
- IDA - International Dyslexia Association (2008) Dyslexia Basics <http://www.interdys.org/ewebeditpro5/upload/BasicsFactSheet.pdf>. Accessed in: 16/05/2011Google Scholar
- Kinnealey, M.; Oliver, B.; Wilbarger, P. (1995) A phenomenological study of sensory defensiveness in adults. American Journal Occupational Therapy. 1995 May; 49(5):444--451.Google Scholar
- McCarthy, J. E.; Swierenga, S. J. (2010) What we know about dyslexia and Web accessibility: research review. In: Universal Access in the Information Society. vol.9, n. 2, pp. 147--152, DOI: 10.1007/s10209-009-0160-5. Springer. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Narain, C. (2006) Childhood developmental disorders. Nature Neuroscience, 9, 1209. DOI:10.1038/nn1006-1209.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Nielsen, J. (2000) Designing Web Usability: The Practice of Simplicity. New Riders Publishing, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Rainger, Peter (2003) A Dyslexic Perspective on e-Content Accessibility. JISC TechDis. <http://www.jisctechdis.ac.uk/techdis/resources/detail/learnersmatter/Jan03_Dyslexia>Google Scholar
- Ramus, F.; Rosen, S.; Dakin, S. C.; Day, B. L.; Castellote, J. M.; White, S.; Frith, U. (2003) Theories of developmental dyslexia: Insights from a multiple case study of dyslexic adults. Brain, 126, 841--865.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sales, J. F.; Parente, M. A. M. P; Machado, S. S. (2004) As Dislexias de Desenvolvimento: Aspectos Neuropsicológicos e Cognitivos. Interações. v. 09, n. 17, p. 109--132, jan-jun 2004.Google Scholar
- Santana, R. (2001). La Rehabilitación Neuropsicológica de los transtornos específicos del aprendizaje: um modelo teórico global. In: Solovieva, Y.; Rojas, L. Q. (orgs). Métodos de Intervención en la Neuropsicología Infantil. Puebla, México: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.Google Scholar
- Santana, V. F.; Almeida, L. D. A.; Baranauskas, M. C. C. (2008) Aprendendo sobre acessibilidade e construção de websites para todos. Revista Brasileira de Informática na Educação (RBIE), v. 16, n. 3, p. 71--83, 2008. ISSN: 1414-5685.Google Scholar
- Sawaia, B. B. (2004) O Sofrimento Ético-Político Como Categoria de Análise da Dialética Exclusão/Inclusão. In: As Artimanhas da Exclusão: Análise psicossocial e ética da desigualdade social. Sawaia, B. B. (Org). Petrópolis, Editora Vozes.Google Scholar
- Schoeberlein, J. G.; Wang, Y. K.. (2009) Groupware Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services (UAHCI '09), Stephanidis, C. (Ed.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 404--413. DOI=10.1007/978-3-642-02713-0_43 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02713-0_43> Google ScholarDigital Library
- Shaywitz S. E.; Shaywitz B. A. (2001) The neurobiology of reading and dyslexia. Volume 5, Issue A. <http://www.ncsall.net/?id=278>.Google Scholar
- Sternberg, R. J.; Grigorenko, E. L. (2003) Crianças rotuladas: O que é necessário saber sobre as dificuldades de aprendizagem. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas.Google Scholar
- United States. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Action. <http://section508.gov/>.Google Scholar
- W3C (2005) Web Accessibility Initiative - Introduction do web accessibility. <http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility.php>Google Scholar
- W3C (2008). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. <http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/>.Google Scholar
- World Federation of Neurology (1968) Report of research group on developmental dyslexia and world illiteracy. Bulletin of the Orton Society, 18,. 21--22, 1968.Google Scholar
- Zarach, V. (2002) Ten Guidelines for Improving Accessibility for People with Dyslexia. JISC CETIS, August 2002. http://wiki.cetis.ac.uk/Ten_Guidelines_for_Improving_Accessibility_for_People_with_DyslexiaGoogle Scholar
Index Terms
- Web accessibility and people with dyslexia: a survey on techniques and guidelines
Recommendations
Dyslexia and web accessibility: synergies and challenges
W4A '15: Proceedings of the 12th International Web for All ConferenceThis paper reviews the main challenges of studying dyslexia for web accessibility. These are: (1) measuring the impact of dyslexia in the population; (2) the limitations of the up-to-date studies; and (3) including dyslexia in the Web accessibility ...
Good fonts for dyslexia
ASSETS '13: Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and AccessibilityAround 10% of the people have dyslexia, a neurological disability that impairs a person's ability to read and write. There is evidence that the presentation of the text has a significant effect on a text's accessibility for people with dyslexia. However,...
The Effect of Font Type on Screen Readability by People with Dyslexia
Around 10% of the people have dyslexia, a neurological disability that impairs a person’s ability to read and write. There is evidence that the presentation of the text has a significant effect on a text’s accessibility for people with dyslexia. However,...
Comments