skip to main content
research-article

Perspective-aware warping for seamless stereoscopic image cloning

Published: 01 November 2012 Publication History

Abstract

This paper presents a novel technique for seamless stereoscopic image cloning, which performs both shape adjustment and color blending such that the stereoscopic composite is seamless in both the perceived depth and color appearance. The core of the proposed method is an iterative disparity adaptation process which alternates between two steps: disparity estimation, which re-estimates the disparities in the gradient domain so that the disparities are continuous across the boundary of the cloned region; and perspective-aware warping, which locally re-adjusts the shape and size of the cloned region according to the estimated disparities. This process guarantees not only depth continuity across the boundary but also models local perspective projection in accordance with the disparities, leading to more natural stereoscopic composites. The proposed method allows for easy cloning of objects with intricate silhouettes and vague boundaries because it does not require precise segmentation of the objects. Several challenging cases are demonstrated to show that our method generates more compelling results compared to methods with only global shape adjustment.

Supplementary Material

ZIP File (182-174-0048.zip)
Supplemental Materials for Perspective-aware warping for seamless stereoscopic image cloning

References

[1]
Basha, T., Moses, Y., and Avidan, S. 2011. Geometrically consistent stereo seam carving. In Proc. IEEE ICCV '11, 1816--1823.
[2]
Carroll, R., Agarwala, A., and Agrawala, M. 2010. Image warps for artistic perspective manipulation. ACM TOG 29, 4, 127:1--127:9.
[3]
Chang, C.-H., Liang, C.-K., and Chuang, Y.-Y. 2011. Content-aware display adaptation and interactive editing for stereoscopic images. IEEE TMM 13, 4, 589--601.
[4]
Chen, T., Cheng, M.-M., Tan, P., Shamir, A., and Hu, S.-M. 2009. Sketch2Photo: internet image montage. ACM TOG 28, 5, 124:1--124:10.
[5]
Ding, M., and Tong, R.-F. 2010. Content-aware copying and pasting in images. The Visual Computer 26, 6--8, 721--729.
[6]
Farbman, Z., Hoffer, G., Lipman, Y., Cohen-Or, D., and Lischinski, D. 2009. Coordinates for instant image cloning. ACM TOG 28, 3, 67:1--67:9.
[7]
Igarashi, T., Moscovich, T., and Hughes, J. F. 2005. As-rigid-as-possible shape manipulation. ACM TOG 24, 3, 1134--1141.
[8]
Jia, J., Sun, J., Tang, C.-K., and Shum, H.-Y. 2006. Drag-and-drop pasting. ACM TOG 25, 3, 631--637.
[9]
Kim, C., Hornung, A., Heinzle, S., Matusik, W., and Gross, M. 2011. Multi-perspective stereoscopy from light fields. ACM TOG 30, 6, 190:1--190:10.
[10]
Kim, J., Hoffman, D. M., and Banks, M. S. 2011. The zone of comfort: Predicting visual discomfort with stereo displays. Journal of Vision 11, 8, 1--29.
[11]
Koppal, S., Zitnick, C. L., Cohen, M., Kang, S. B., Ressler, B., and Colburn, A. 2011. A viewer-centric editor for 3D movies. IEEE CG&A 31, 1, 20--35.
[12]
Lalonde, J.-F., Hoiem, D., Efros, A. A., Rother, C., Winn, J., and Criminisi, A. 2007. Photo clip art. ACM TOG 26, 3, 3:1--3:10.
[13]
Lambooij, M. T. M., IJsselsteijn, W. A., and Heynderickx, I. 2007. Visual discomfort in stereoscopic displays: a review. In Proc. SPIE, vol. 6490, 64900I.
[14]
Lang, M., Hornung, A., Wang, O., Poulakos, S., Smolic, A., and Gross, M. 2010. Nonlinear disparity mapping for stereoscopic 3D. ACM TOG 29, 4, 75:1--75:10.
[15]
Liu, F., Gleicher, M., Jin, H., and Agarwala, A. 2009. Content-preserving warps for 3D video stabilization. ACM TOG 28, 3, 44:1--44:9.
[16]
Lo, W.-Y., van Baar, J., Knaus, C., Zwicker, M., and Gross, M. 2010. Stereoscopic 3D copy & paste. ACM TOG 29, 6, 147:1--147:10.
[17]
Lowe, D. G. 2004. Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. IJCV 60, 2, 91--110.
[18]
Mendiburu, B. 2009. 3D Movie Making: Stereoscopic Digital Cinema from Script to Screen. Focal Press.
[19]
Pérez, P., Gangnet, M., and Blake, A. 2003. Poisson image editing. ACM TOG 22, 3, 313--318.
[20]
Schaefer, S., McPhail, T., and Warren, J. 2006. Image deformation using moving least squares. ACM TOG 25, 3, 533--540.
[21]
Shamir, A., and Sorkine, O. 2009. Visual media retargeting. In ACM SIGGRAPH Asia '09 Courses, 11:1--11:13.
[22]
Smith, B., Zhang, L., and Jin, H. 2009. Stereo matching with nonparametric smoothness priors in feature space. In Proc. IEEE CVPR '09, 485--492.
[23]
Wang, J., and Cohen, M. F. 2007. Simultaneous matting and compositing. In Proc. IEEE CVPR '07, 1--8.
[24]
Wang, L., Jin, H., Yang, R., and Gong, M. 2008. Stereoscopic inpainting: Joint color and depth completion from stereo images. In Proc. IEEE CVPR '08.
[25]
Wang, Y.-S., Tai, C.-L., Sorkine, O., and Lee, T.-Y. 2008. Optimized scale-and-stretch for image resizing. ACM TOG 27, 5, 118:1--118:8.
[26]
Yang, W., Zheng, J., Cai, J., Rahardja, S., and Chen, C. W. 2009. Natural and seamless image composition with color control. IEEE TIP 18, 11, 2584--2592.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)360 Stereo Image Composition With Depth AdaptionIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2023.332794330:9(6177-6191)Online publication date: Sep-2024
  • (2021)Roundness-Preserving Warping for Aesthetic Enhancement-Based Stereoscopic Image EditingIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2020.301018131:4(1463-1477)Online publication date: Apr-2021
  • (2020)Building stereoscopic zoomer via global and local warping optimizationIEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging10.1109/TCI.2020.3042891(1-1)Online publication date: 2020
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Perspective-aware warping for seamless stereoscopic image cloning

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics
    ACM Transactions on Graphics  Volume 31, Issue 6
    November 2012
    794 pages
    ISSN:0730-0301
    EISSN:1557-7368
    DOI:10.1145/2366145
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 01 November 2012
    Published in TOG Volume 31, Issue 6

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Poisson equation
    2. disparity adaptation
    3. disparity gradients
    4. image gradients
    5. perspective-aware warping
    6. seamless cloning
    7. stereoscopic images

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Funding Sources

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)14
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
    Reflects downloads up to 18 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)360 Stereo Image Composition With Depth AdaptionIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2023.332794330:9(6177-6191)Online publication date: Sep-2024
    • (2021)Roundness-Preserving Warping for Aesthetic Enhancement-Based Stereoscopic Image EditingIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2020.301018131:4(1463-1477)Online publication date: Apr-2021
    • (2020)Building stereoscopic zoomer via global and local warping optimizationIEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging10.1109/TCI.2020.3042891(1-1)Online publication date: 2020
    • (2020)Efficient Stitching Algorithm for Stereoscopic VR Images2020 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Asia (ICCE-Asia)10.1109/ICCE-Asia49877.2020.9277028(1-5)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2020
    • (2019)Warping-Based Stereoscopic 3D Video Retargeting With Depth Remapping2019 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)10.1109/WACV.2019.00181(1655-1663)Online publication date: Jan-2019
    • (2019)View-Consistent Intrinsic Decomposition for Stereoscopic ImagesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2019.29435167(140355-140366)Online publication date: 2019
    • (2019)User Controllable Content Retargeting and Depth Adaptation for Stereoscopic DisplayIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2019.28920987(22541-22553)Online publication date: 2019
    • (2019)A novel mixed reality in breast and constructive jaw surgical tele-presenceComputer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.05.025177:C(253-268)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2019
    • (2018)Global-optimization-based model decomposition for support-free multi-DOF 3D printingSIGGRAPH Asia 2018 Posters10.1145/3283289.3283352(1-2)Online publication date: 4-Dec-2018
    • (2018)Geodesic distance framework for contour-based consistent stereo image segmentationJournal of Electronic Imaging10.1117/1.JEI.27.5.05304727:05(1)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2018
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    Full Access

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media