ABSTRACT
This article describes the design of a custom software-defined modem with adaptive physical layer for underwater acoustic (UWA) communications. The modem consists of a commercial software-defined radio (SDR) interfaced with a wideband acoustic transducer through amplifying circuitry. With this custom-built platform, we focus on the unique physical layer challenges of the underwater acoustic channel to demonstrate the benefits of real-time adaptation in such rapidly varying environments. We first focus on an Orthogonal-Frequency-Division-Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission scheme. In particular, for the forward link, we consider and implement a high-data rate Zero-Padded OFDM (ZP--OFDM) physical layer with a superimposed convolutional error-correction coding scheme. ZP--OFDM offers high re-configurability in terms of number of OFDM subcarriers, modulation type (e.g., BPSK, QPSK), and error-correction coding rate. Real-time adaptation at the transmitter is achieved through a robust feedback link based on a binary chirp spread-spectrum modulation (B-CSS). We demonstrate that joint real-time adaptation of system parameters such as modulation constellation and channel coding rate leads to significant data rate increase under preset bit-error-rate (BER) constraints. Moreover, in the same context, we present for the first time a seamless switch of our SDR transmitter between different signaling technologies such as OFDM and direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS-SS).
- T. Melodia, H. Kulhandjian, L. Kuo, and E. Demirors. Advances in Underwater Acoustic Networking. In S. Basagni, M. Conti, S. Giordano, and I. Stojmenovic, editors, Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: Cutting Edge Directions, pages 804--852. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, second edition edition, 2013.Google ScholarCross Ref
- G. Sklivanitis, E. Demirors, S. N. Batalama, D. A. Pados, T. Melodia, and J. D. Matyjas. Demonstration of all-spectrum cognitive channelization on GNU Radio and USRPN-210. In Proc. of the NATO Symp. on "Cognitive Radio and Future Networks" (IST-123), The Netherlands, May 2014.Google Scholar
- L. Ding, K. Gao, T. Melodia, S. N. Batalama, D. A. Pados, and J. D. Matyjas. All-spectrum cognitive networking through joint distributed channelization and routing. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 12(11):5394--5405, November 2013.Google ScholarCross Ref
- G. Kanke, S. N. Batalama, D. A. Pados, and J. D. Matyjas. Cognitive code-division channelization. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 10(4):1090--1097, April 2011.Google ScholarCross Ref
- E. Jones. The application of software radio techniques to underwater acoustic communications. In Proc. of IEEE OCEANS, June 2007.Google ScholarCross Ref
- E. M. Sözer and M. Stojanovic. Reconfigurable acoustic modem for underwater sensor networks. In Proc. of ACM Intl. Workshop on Underwater Networks (WUWNet), Los Angeles, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- X. Huang and V. Lawrence. Bandwidth-efficient bit and power loading for underwater acoustic OFDM communication system with limited feedback. In Proc. of Vehicular Technology Conf., Hungary, 2011.Google ScholarCross Ref
- P. Qarabaqi and M. Stojanovic. Adaptive power control for underwater acoustic communications. In Proc. of IEEE OCEANS, Spain, June 2011.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Radosevic, T. Duman, J. Proakis, and M. Stojanovic. Adaptive OFDM for underwater acoustic channels with limited feedback. In Proc. of Signals, Systems and Computers (ASILOMAR), 2011.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Radosevic, R. Ahmed, T. Duman, J. Proakis, and M. Stojanovic. Adaptive OFDM modulation for underwater acoustic communications: Design considerations and experimental results. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 39(2):357--370, April 2014.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Wan, H. Zhou, X. Xu, Y. Huang, S. Zhou, Z. Shi, and J.-H. Cui. Field tests of adaptive modulation and coding for underwater acoustic ofdm. In Proc. of ACM Intl. Conf. on Underwater Networks and Systems (WUWNet), Taiwan, 2013. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. E. Santagati and T. Melodia. Sonar Inside Your Body: Prototyping Ultrasonic Intra-body Sensor Networks. In Proc. of IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications (INFOCOM), Toronto, Canada, April 2014.Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. Torres, J. Friedman, T. Schmid, and M. B. Srivastava. Software-defined underwater acoustic networking platform. In Proc. of the ACM Intl. Workshop on UnderWater Networks (WUWNET), Berkeley, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Zhou and Z.-H. Wang. OFDM for Underwater Acoustic Communications. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2014. Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. LeBlanc, M. Singer, P.-P. Beaujean, C. Boubli, and J. Alleyne. Improved chirp FSK modem for high reliability communications in shallow water. In Proc. of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2000.Google ScholarCross Ref
Recommendations
A software-defined radio based cognitive radio demonstration over FM band
Recent Advances in Wireless Communications and NetworksIn this paper, we present a software-defined radio (SDR) based cognitive radio (CR) implementation and demonstration over the frequency modulation (FM) band. Using GNU Radio as the software platform and USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) SDR ...
Time-Domain Block and Per-Tone Equalization for MIMO---OFDM in Shallow Underwater Acoustic Communication
Shallow underwater acoustic (UWA) channel exhibits rapid temporal variations, extensive multipath spreads, and severe frequency-dependent attenuations. So, high data rate communication with high spectral efficiency in this challenging medium requires ...
Implementation of modulation classifier over software defined radio
Blind signal modulation recognition is an essential block for designing a cognitive radio. Different algorithms are developed in the literature, but few are given with detailed implementation. This study proposes a software‐defined radio based ...
Comments