skip to main content
10.1145/2750858.2807554acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesubicompConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

No longer wearing: investigating the abandonment of personal health-tracking technologies on craigslist

Published:07 September 2015Publication History

ABSTRACT

Personal health-tracking technologies have become a part of mainstream culture. Their growing popularity and widespread adoption present an opportunity for the design of new interventions to improve wellness and health. However, there is an increasing concern that these technologies are failing to inspire long-term adoption. In order to understand why users abandon personal health-tracking technologies, we analyzed advertisements of secondary sales of such technologies on Craigslist. We conducted iterative inductive and deductive analyses of approximately 1600 advertisements of personal health-tracking technologies posted over the course of one month across the US. We identify health motivations and rationales for abandonment and present a set of design implications. We call for improved theories that help translate between existing theories designed to explain psychological effects of health behavior change and the technologies that help people make those changes.

References

  1. Bandura, A. Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education & Behavior 31, 2 (2004), 143--164.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  2. Bell, G., and Dourish, P. Yesterday's tomorrows: Notes on ubiquitous computing's dominant vision. Personal Ubiquitous Comput. 11, 2 (Jan. 2007), 133--143. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  3. Bijker, W. E. Of Bicycles, Bakelites and Bulbs: Toward a Theory of Sociotechnical Change. MIT Press, 1995, ch. 1--2.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. Chen, Z., Lin, M., Chen, F., Lane, N. D., Cardone, G., Wang, R., Li, T., Chen, Y., Choudhury, T., and Campbell, A. T. Unobtrusive sleep monitoring using smartphones. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare, PervasiveHealth '13, ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering) (ICST, Brussels, Belgium, Belgium, 2013), 145--152. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. Choe, E. K., Consolvo, S., Watson, N. F., and Kientz, J. A. Opportunities for computing technologies to support healthy sleep behaviors. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '11, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2011), 3053--3062. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. Choe, E. K., Lee, N. B., Lee, B., Pratt, W., and Kientz, J. A. Understanding quantified-selfers' practices in collecting and exploring personal data. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '14, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2014), 1143--1152. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. Consolvo, S., Everitt, K., Smith, I., and Landay, J. A. Design requirements for technologies that encourage physical activity. CHI '06, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2006), 457--466. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  8. Cordeiro, F., Epstein, D. A., Thomaz, E., Bales, E., Jagannathan, A. K., Abowd, G. D., and Fogarty, J. Barriers and negative nudges: Exploring challenges in food journaling. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '15, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2015), 1159--1162. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. Fritz, T., Huang, E. M., Murphy, G. C., and Zimmermann, T. Persuasive technology in the real world: A study of long-term use of activity sensing devices for fitness. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '14, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2014), 487--496. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Froehlich, J., Findlater, L., and Landay, J. The design of eco-feedback technology. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '10, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2010), 1999--2008. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Glanz, K., Rimer, B., and Viswanath, K. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. Wiley, 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Godin, G., and Kok, G. The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion 11, 2 (1996), 87--98.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  13. Grudin, J. Why cscw applications fail: Problems in the design and evaluationof organizational interfaces. In Proceedings of the 1988 ACM Conference on Computer-supported Cooperative Work, CSCW '88, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 1988), 85--93. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. Guo, F., Li, Y., Kankanhalli, M. S., and Brown, M. S. An evaluation of wearable activity monitoring devices. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Personal Data Meets Distributed Multimedia, PDM '13, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2013), 31--34. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  15. Hammond, T. Wearables have a dirty little secret: 50% of users lose interest. Tech Republic Inc. (2014).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. Hekler, E. B., Klasnja, P., Froehlich, J. E., and Buman, M. P. Mind the theoretical gap: Interpreting, using, and developing behavioral theory in hci research. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '13, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2013), 3307--3316. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Herz, J. Wearables are totally failing the people who need them most. Wired (November 2014).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. Hodges, S., Williams, L., Berry, E., Izadi, S., Srinivasan, J., Butler, A., Smyth, G., Kapur, N., and Wood, K. Sensecam: A retrospective memory aid. In UbiComp 2006: Ubiquitous Computing. Springer, 2006, 177--193. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  19. Hunter, L. Are wearables over? Fast Company Inc. (2014).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  20. IDTechEx. Wearable technology 2014--2024: Technologies, markets, forecasts e-textiles, wearable electronics, medical diagnostics, smart glasses, smart wristbands and more, July 2014. http://www.idtechex.com/research/reports/wearable-technology-2014-2024-technologies\-markets-forecasts-000379.asp.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Kay, M., Choe, E. K., Shepherd, J., Greenstein, B., Watson, N., Consolvo, S., and Kientz, J. A. Lullaby: A capture & access system for understanding the sleep environment. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp '12, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2012), 226--234. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  22. Klasnja, P., and Pratt, W. Healthcare in the pocket: Mapping the space of mobile-phone health interventions. J. of Biomedical Informatics 45, 1 (Feb. 2012), 184--198. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  23. Ledger, D., and McCaffrey, D. Inside wearables: How the science of human behavior change offers the secret to long-term engagement. Endeavour Partners, LLC 93, 1 (2014), 36--45.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. Lee, V. R., and Drake, J. Quantified recess: Design of an activity for elementary students involving analyses of their own movement data. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children, IDC '13, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2013), 273--276. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  25. Li, I., Dey, A., and Forlizzi, J. A stage-based model of personal informatics systems. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '10, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2010), 557--566. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  26. Li, I., Dey, A. K., and Forlizzi, J. Understanding my data, myself: Supporting self-reflection with ubicomp technologies. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp '11, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2011), 405--414. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  27. Lin, J. J., Mamykina, L., Lindtner, S., Delajoux, G., and Strub, H. B. Fish'n'steps: Encouraging physical activity with an interactive computer game. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp'06, Springer-Verlag (Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006), 261--278. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  28. Mamykina, L., Mynatt, E., Davidson, P., and Greenblatt, D. Mahi: investigation of social scaffolding for reflective thinking in diabetes management. CHI '08, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2008), 477--486. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  29. Mamykina, L., Smaldone, A. M., and Bakken, S. R. Adopting the sensemaking perspective for chronic disease self-management. Journal of Biomedical Informatics In Print (2015), --. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  30. Mauriello, M., Gubbels, M., and Froehlich, J. E. Social fabric fitness: The design and evaluation of wearable e-textile displays to support group running. In Proceedings of the 32Nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '14, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2014), 2833--2842. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  31. Medynskiy, Y., and Mynatt, E. D. Salud!: An open infrastructure for developing and deploying health self-management applications. In PervasiveHealth, IEEE (2010), 1--8.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  32. Miller, A. D., and Mynatt, E. D. Stepstream: A school-based pervasive social fitness system for everyday adolescent health. In Proceedings of the 32Nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '14, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2014), 2823--2832. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  33. Munson, S., and Consolvo, S. Exploring goal-setting, rewards, self-monitoring, and sharing to motivate physical activity. In Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth), 2012 6th International Conference on (May 2012), 25--32.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  34. Patel, R. A., Klasnja, P. V., Hartzler, A., Unruh, K. T., and Pratt, W. Probing the benefits of real-time tracking during cancer care. In AMIA (2012).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  35. Phillips, B., and Zhao, H. Faculty adoption of educational technology. Assistive Technology 5, 1 (1993), 36--45.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  36. Prochaska, J., and Velicer, W. F. The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change. American Journal of Health Promotion 12, 1 (1997), 38--48.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  37. Riley, W. T., Rivera, D. E., Atienza, A. A., Nilsen, W., Allison, S. M., and Mermelstein, R. Health behavior models in the age of mobile interventions: are our theories up to the task? Translational behavioral medicine 1, 1 (2011), 53--71.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  38. Rooksby, J., Rost, M., Morrison, A., and Chalmers, M. C. Personal tracking as lived informatics. In Proceedings of the 32Nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '14, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2014), 1163--1172. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  39. Sahami Shirazi, A., Clawson, J., Hassanpour, Y., Tourian, M. J., Schmidt, A., Chi, E. H., Borazio, M., and Van Laerhoven, K. Already up? using mobile phones to track & share sleep behavior. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 71, 9 (Sept. 2013), 878--888. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  40. Schwanda, V., Ibara, S., Reynolds, L., and Cosley, D. Side effects and "gateway" tools: Advocating a broader look at evaluating persuasive systems. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '11, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2011), 345--348. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  41. Strecher, V. J., Seijts, G. H., Kok, G. J., Latham, G. P., Glasgow, R., DeVellis, B., Meertens, R. M., and Bulger, D. W. Goal setting as a strategy for health behavior change. Health Education & Behavior 22, 2 (1995), 190--200.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  42. Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: An examination of health social networks, consumer personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 6, 2 (2009), 492--525.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  43. Van Laerhoven, K., and Aronsen, A. Memorizing what you did last week: Towards detailed actigraphy with a wearable sensor. In Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, 2007. ICDCSW '07. 27th International Conference on (June 2007), 47--47. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  44. Walsh, G., and Golbeck, J. Stepcity: A preliminary investigation of a personal informatics-based social game on behavior change. In CHI '14 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA '14, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2014), 2371--2376. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library

Index Terms

  1. No longer wearing: investigating the abandonment of personal health-tracking technologies on craigslist

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in
    • Published in

      cover image ACM Conferences
      UbiComp '15: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing
      September 2015
      1302 pages
      ISBN:9781450335744
      DOI:10.1145/2750858

      Copyright © 2015 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 7 September 2015

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article

      Acceptance Rates

      UbiComp '15 Paper Acceptance Rate101of394submissions,26%Overall Acceptance Rate764of2,912submissions,26%

      Upcoming Conference

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader