skip to main content
10.1145/2753476.2753485acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmobisysConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Old Wine in New Skins?: Revisiting the Software Architecture for IP Network Stacks on Constrained IoT Devices

Published:18 May 2015Publication History

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we argue that existing concepts for the design and implementation of network stacks for constrained devices do not comply with the requirements of current and upcoming Internet of Things (IoT) use cases. The IoT requires not only a lightweight but also a modular network stack, based on standards. We discuss functional and non-functional requirements for the software architecture of the network stack on constrained IoT devices. Then, revisiting concepts from the early Internet as well as current implementations, we propose a future-proof alternative to existing IoT network stack architectures, and provide an initial evaluation of this proposal based on its implementation running on top of state-of-the-art IoT operating system and hardware.

References

  1. IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition. http://www.unix.org/version3/, January 2002.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. IoT-LAB: Very large scale open wireless sensor network testbed. https://www.iot-lab.info/hardware/m3/, January 2015.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. RIOT Github Repository. https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT, January 2015.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. TI's CC3000. http://www.ti.com/product/cc3000, January 2015.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Borchert, C., Lohmann, D., and Spinczyk, O. CiAO/IP: A Highly Configurable Aspect-oriented IP Stack. In Proc. of ACM MobiSys (New York, NY, USA, 2012), ACM, pp. 435--448. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. Bormann, C., Ersue, M., and Keranen, A. Terminology for Constrained-Node Networks. RFC 7228, IETF, May 2014.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. Brandt, A., Buron, J., and Porcu, G. Home Automation Routing Requirements in Low-Power and Lossy Networks. RFC 5826, IETF, April 2010.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. Chesson, G. L. The Network Unix System. SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 9, 5 (Nov. 1975), 60--66. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. da Silva Santos, E. R., Vieira, M. A., and Vieira, L. F. Routing IPv6 over wireless networks with low-memory devices. In Proc. of IEEE PIMRC (2013), IEEE, pp. 2398--2402.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  10. Dohler, M., Watteyne, T., Winter, T., and Barthel, D. Routing Requirements for Urban Low-Power and Lossy Networks. RFC 5548, IETF, May 2009.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. Dunkels, A. Design and Implementation of the lwIP TCP/IP Stack. Tech. rep., Swedish Institute of Computer Science, 2001.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Dunkels, A. Full TCP/IP for 8-bit architectures. In Proc. of MobiSys (2003), ACM, pp. 85--98. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Dunkels, A., Gronvall, B., and Voigt, T. Contiki -- a lightweight and exible operating system for tiny networked sensors. In Local Computer Networks, 2004. 29th Annual IEEE International Conference on (2004), IEEE, pp. 455--462. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. Durvy, M., Abeillé, J., Wetterwald, P., O'Flynn, C., Leverett, B., Gnoske, E., Vidales, M., Mulligan, G., Tsiftes, N., Finne, N., and Dunkels, A. Making sensor networks IPv6 ready. In Proc. of ACM SenSys (2008), ACM, pp. 421--422. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  15. Hahm, O., Baccelli, E., Petersen, H., Wählisch, M., and Schmidt, T. Simply RIOT: Teaching and Experimental Research in the Internet of Things. In Proc. of ACM/IEEE IPSN (2014), ACM. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. Hahm, O., Baccelli, E., and Schleiser, K. Painless class 1 devices programming. Tech. rep.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  17. Lembo, S., Kuusisto, J., and Manner, J. In depth breakdown of a 6LoWPAN stack for sensor networks. International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) 2, 6 (2010).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. Levis, P. Experiences from a Decade of TinyOS Development. In OSDI (2012), pp. 207--220. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  19. Levis, P., Madden, S., Polastre, J., Szewczyk, R., Whitehouse, K., Woo, A., Gay, D., Hill, J., Welsh, M., Brewer, E., and Culler, D. TinyOS: An Operating System for Sensor Networks. In Ambient Intelligence. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005, pp. 115--148.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. Martocci, J., Mil, P. D., Riou, N., and Vermeylen, W. Building Automation Routing Requirements in Low-Power and Lossy Networks. RFC 5867, IETF, June 2010.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Mazzer, Y., and Tourancheau, B. Comparisons of 6LoWPAN Implementations on Wireless Sensor Networks. In Proc. of SENSORCOMM (June 2009), pp. 689--692. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  22. Pister, K., Thubert, P., Dwars, S., and Phinney, T. Industrial Routing Requirements in Low-Power and Lossy Networks. RFC 5673, IETF, October 2009.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. Ritchie, D. M. The unix system: A stream input-output system. AT&T Bell Laboratories Technical Journal 63, 8 (1984), 1897--1910.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  24. Sarwar, U., Rao, G. S., Suryady, Z., and Khoshdelniat, R. A comparative study on available IPv6 platforms for wireless sensor network. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 62 (2010), 889--892.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  25. Wehrle, K. The Linux networking architecture: design and implementation of network protocols in the Linux kernel. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J, 2004. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  26. Yibo, C., mean Hou, K., Zhou, H., Shi, H.-L., Liu, X., Diao, X., Ding, H., Li, J.-J., and de Vaulx, C. 6LoWPAN Stacks: A Survey. In Proc. of WiCOM (2011).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. Old Wine in New Skins?: Revisiting the Software Architecture for IP Network Stacks on Constrained IoT Devices

        Recommendations

        Comments

        Login options

        Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

        Sign in
        • Published in

          cover image ACM Conferences
          IoT-Sys '15: Proceedings of the 2015 Workshop on IoT challenges in Mobile and Industrial Systems
          May 2015
          64 pages
          ISBN:9781450335027
          DOI:10.1145/2753476

          Copyright © 2015 ACM

          Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

          Publisher

          Association for Computing Machinery

          New York, NY, United States

          Publication History

          • Published: 18 May 2015

          Permissions

          Request permissions about this article.

          Request Permissions

          Check for updates

          Qualifiers

          • research-article

          Acceptance Rates

          IoT-Sys '15 Paper Acceptance Rate9of18submissions,50%Overall Acceptance Rate9of18submissions,50%

          Upcoming Conference

          MOBISYS '24

        PDF Format

        View or Download as a PDF file.

        PDF

        eReader

        View online with eReader.

        eReader