Forensics of High Quality and Nearly Identical JPEG Image Recompression

ABSTRACT

We address the known problem of detecting a previous compression in JPEG images, focusing on the challenging case of high and very high quality factors (>= 90) as well as repeated compression with identical or nearly identical quality factors. We first revisit the approaches based on Benford--Fourier analysis in the DCT domain and block convergence analysis in the spatial domain. Both were originally conceived for specific scenarios. Leveraging decision tree theory, we design a combined approach complementing the discriminatory capabilities. We obtain a set of novel detectors targeted to high quality grayscale JPEG images.

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Index Terms

• Computing methodologies

  • Computer graphics

    • Image manipulation

      • Image processing

• Information systems

  • Information retrieval

    • Retrieval tasks and goals

      • Information extraction

• Security and privacy

  • Security services

    • Authentication