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Synthesis of Error-Recovery Protocols for Micro-Electrode-Dot-Array Digital Microfluidic Biochips

Published: 27 September 2017 Publication History

Abstract

A digital microfluidic biochip (DMFB) is an attractive technology platform for various biomedical applications. However, a conventional DMFB is limited by: (i) the number of electrical connections that can be practically realized, (ii) constraints on droplet size and volume, and (iii) the need for special fabrication processes and the associated reliability/yield concerns. To overcome the above challenges, DMFBs based on a micro-electrode-dot-array (MEDA) architecture have been proposed and fabricated recently. Error recovery is of key interest for MEDA biochips due to the need for system reliability. Errors are likely to occur during droplet manipulation due to defects, chip degradation, and the uncertainty inherent in biochemical experiments. In this paper, we first formalize error-recovery objectives, and then synthesize optimal error-recovery protocols using a model based on Stochastic Multiplayer Games (SMGs). We also present a global error-recovery technique that can update the schedule of fluidic operations in an adaptive manner. Using three representative real-life bioassays, we show that the proposed approach can effectively reduce the bioassay completion time and increase the probability of success for error recovery.

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  • (2024)Design of Droplet Manipulation Platform based on Digital Microfluidic Chip2024 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)10.1109/I2MTC60896.2024.10561174(1-6)Online publication date: 20-May-2024
  • (2023)Enhanced Built-In Self-Diagnosis and Self-Repair Techniques for Daisy-Chain Design in MEDA Digital Microfluidic BiochipsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2023.324452442:10(3236-3249)Online publication date: 13-Feb-2023
  • (2023)Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Approach for Efficient and Reliable Droplet Routing on MEDA BiochipsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2022.319480842:4(1212-1222)Online publication date: Apr-2023
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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems  Volume 16, Issue 5s
Special Issue ESWEEK 2017, CASES 2017, CODES + ISSS 2017 and EMSOFT 2017
October 2017
1448 pages
ISSN:1539-9087
EISSN:1558-3465
DOI:10.1145/3145508
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Publication History

Published: 27 September 2017
Accepted: 01 June 2017
Revised: 01 May 2017
Received: 01 April 2017
Published in TECS Volume 16, Issue 5s

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Author Tags

  1. Digital microfluidics
  2. controller synthesis
  3. formal methods
  4. lab-on-chip
  5. micro-electrode-dot-array (MEDA)
  6. stochastic games

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Cited By

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  • (2024)Design of Droplet Manipulation Platform based on Digital Microfluidic Chip2024 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)10.1109/I2MTC60896.2024.10561174(1-6)Online publication date: 20-May-2024
  • (2023)Enhanced Built-In Self-Diagnosis and Self-Repair Techniques for Daisy-Chain Design in MEDA Digital Microfluidic BiochipsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2023.324452442:10(3236-3249)Online publication date: 13-Feb-2023
  • (2023)Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Approach for Efficient and Reliable Droplet Routing on MEDA BiochipsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2022.319480842:4(1212-1222)Online publication date: Apr-2023
  • (2023)Online Diagnosis and Self-Recovery of Faulty Cells in Daisy-Chained MEDA Biochips Using Functional Actuation PatternsJournal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications10.1007/s10836-023-06081-839:4(521-534)Online publication date: 16-Sep-2023
  • (2022)Formal Synthesis of Adaptive Droplet Routing for MEDA BiochipsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2021.311019041:8(2504-2517)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2022
  • (2022)Quasi-static scheduling based error recovery for Digital microfluidic biochipsMicroprocessors & Microsystems10.1016/j.micpro.2022.10468494:COnline publication date: 1-Oct-2022
  • (2021)Formal Synthesis of Adaptive Droplet Routing for MEDA Biochips2021 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)10.23919/DATE51398.2021.9474144(324-329)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021
  • (2021)A Framework for Validation of Synthesized MicroElectrode Dot Array Actuations for Digital Microfluidic BiochipsACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/346043726:6(1-36)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2021
  • (2021)Enhancing the Reliability of MEDA Biochips Using IJTAG and Wear LevelingIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2020.303262940:10(2063-2076)Online publication date: Oct-2021
  • (2021)Lifetime improvement of digital microfluidic biochips based on the IWOAMicroelectronics Reliability10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114182123(114182)Online publication date: Aug-2021
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