Guanyun Wang
Humphrey Yang
ABSTRACT
We present 4DMesh, a method of combining shrinking and bending thermoplastic actuators with customized geometric algorithms to 4D print and morph centimeter- to meter-sized functional non-developable surfaces. We will share two end-to-end inverse design algorithms. With our tools, users can input CAD models of target surfaces and produce respective printable files. The flat sheet printed can morph into target surfaces when triggered by heat. This system saves shipping and packaging costs, in addition to enabling customizability for the design of relatively large non-developable structures. We designed a few functional artifacts to leverage the advantage of non-developable surfaces for their unique functionalities in aesthetics, mechanical strength, geometric ergonomics and other functionalities. In addition, we demonstrated how this technique can potentially be adapted to customize molds for industrial parts (e.g., car, boat, etc.) in the future.
Supplemental Material
- Agrawal, H., Umapathi, U., Kovacs, R., Frohnhofen, J., Chen, H.-T., Mueller, S. and Baudisch, P. 2015. Protopiper. Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology - UIST '15 (2015).Google Scholar
- An, B., Miyashita, S., Tolley, M.T., Aukes, D.M., Meeker, L., Demaine, E.D., Demaine, M.L., Wood, R.J. and Rus, D. 2014. An end-to-end approach to making self-folded 3D surface shapes by uniform heating. 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) (2014).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bell, B., Read, T.C., Ede, A. and Barnes, N. 2014. Casting non-repetitive Geometries with Digitally Reconfigurable Surfaces. (2014).Google Scholar
- Byoungkwon An, Ye Tao, Jianzhe Gu, Tingyu Cheng, Xiang "Anthony" Chen, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Wei Zhao, Youngwook Do, Shigeo Takahashi, Hsiang-Yun Wu, Teng Zhang, Lining Yao Thermorph: Democratizing 4D Printing of Self-Folding Materials and Interfaces. Proceedings of the 36rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '18 (2018). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Chen, X. 'anthony', Kim, J., Mankoff, J., Grossman, T., Coros, S. and Hudson, S.E. 2016. Reprise. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology - UIST '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Cignoni, P., Pietroni, N., Malomo, L. and Scopigno, R. 2014. Field-aligned mesh joinery. ACM transactions on graphics. 33, 1 (2014), 1--12. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ding, Z., Weeger, O., Qi, H.J. and Dunn, M.L. 2018. 4D rods: 3D structures via programmable 1D composite rods. Materials & design. 137, (Jan. 2018), 256--265.Google Scholar
- Efrat, T.A., Mizrahi, M. and Zoran, A. 2016. The Hybrid Bricolage. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Felton, S., Tolley, M., Demaine, E., Rus, D. and Wood, R. 2014. Applied origami. A method for building self-folding machines. Science. 345, 6197 (Aug. 2014), 644--646.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Follmer, S., Leithinger, D., Olwal, A., Cheng, N. and Ishii, H. 2012. Jamming user interfaces. Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '12 (2012).Google Scholar
- Follmer, S., Leithinger, D., Olwal, A., Hogge, A. and Ishii, H. 2013. inFORM. Proceedings of the 26th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '13 (2013).Google Scholar
- Gannon, M., Grossman, T. and Fitzmaurice, G. 2016. ExoSkin. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Gladman, A.S., Matsumoto, E.A., Nuzzo, R.G., Mahadevan, L. and Lewis, J.A. 2016. Biomimetic 4D printing. Nature materials. 15, 4 (Apr. 2016), 413--418.Google Scholar
- Gooch, J.W. 2010. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer Science & Business Media.Google Scholar
- Guseinov, R., Miguel, E. and Bickel, B. 2017. CurveUps. ACM transactions on graphics. 36, 4 (2017), 1--12. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Han, D., Qi, X., Myhrvold, C., Wang, B., Dai, M., Jiang, S., Bates, M., Liu, Y., An, B., Zhang, F., Yan, H. and Yin, P. 2017. Single-stranded DNA and RNA origami. Science. 358, 6369 (Dec. 2017).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hornberger, L.E. and Devries, K.L. 1987. The effects of residual stress on the mechanical properties of glassy polymers. Polymer Engineering and Science. 27, 19 (1987), 1473--1478.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hudson, S.E. 2014. Printing teddy bears. Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '14 (2014).Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ion, A., Frohnhofen, J., Wall, L., Kovacs, R., Alistar, M., Lindsay, J., Lopes, P., Chen, H.-T. and Baudisch, P. 2016. Metamaterial Mechanisms. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology - UIST '16 (2016). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ion, A., Wall, L., Kovacs, R. and Baudisch, P. 2017. Digital Mechanical Metamaterials. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kan, V., Vargo, E., Machover, N., Ishii, H., Pan, S., Chen, W. and Kakehi, Y. 2017. Organic Primitives. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017).Google Scholar
- Kovacs, R., Kommana, Y., Popiak, A., Bläsius, T., Baudisch, P., Seufert, A., Wall, L., Chen, H.-T., Meinel, F., Müller, W., You, S., Brehm, M. and Striebel, J. 2017. TrussFab. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017).Google Scholar
- Laput, G., Chen, X. 'anthony' and Harrison, C. 2015. 3D Printed Hair. Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology - UIST '15 (2015).Google Scholar
- Lévy, B., Petitjean, S., Ray, N. and Maillot, J. 2002. Least squares conformal maps for automatic texture atlas generation. Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques - SIGGRAPH '02 (2002). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Li, G.-L., Wang, C.-C., Kuo, C.-H. and Lin, Y.-C. 2006. Fast Flattening Algorithm for Non-developable 3D Surfaces. MSV (2006), 243--248.Google Scholar
- Liu, Y., Boyles, J.K., Genzer, J. and Dickey, M.D. 2012. Self-folding of polymer sheets using local light absorption. Soft matter. 8, 6 (2012), 1764--1769.Google Scholar
- Logan, D. 2011. A First Course in the Finite Element Method, SI Version. Cengage Learning. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lo, J. and Paulos, E. 2014. ShrinkyCircuits. Proceedings of the 27th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '14 (2014).Google Scholar
- van Manen, T., Janbaz, S. and Zadpoor, A.A. 2017. Programming 2D/3D shape-shifting with hobbyist 3D printers. Materials horizons. 4, 6 (Nov. 2017), 1064--1069.Google Scholar
- Momeni, F., Hassani.N, S.M.M., Liu, X. and Ni, J. 2017. A review of 4D printing. Materials & design. 122, (2017), 42--79.Google Scholar
- Mueller, S., Im, S., Gurevich, S., Teibrich, A., Pfisterer, L., Guimbretière, F. and Baudisch, P. 2014. WirePrint. Proceedings of the 27th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '14 (2014).Google Scholar
- Mueller, S., Lopes, P. and Baudisch, P. 2012. Interactive construction. Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '12 (2012). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mullen, P., Tong, Y., Alliez, P. and Desbrun, M. 2008. Spectral Conformal Parameterization. Computer graphics forum: journal of the European Association for Computer Graphics. 27, 5 (2008), 1487--1494.Google Scholar
- Nakagaki, K., Follmer, S. and Ishii, H. 2015. LineFORM. Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology - UIST '15 (2015).Google Scholar
- Olberding, S., Ortega, S.S., Hildebrandt, K. and Steimle, J. 2015. Foldio. Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology - UIST '15 (2015).Google Scholar
- Ou, J., Dublon, G., Cheng, C.-Y., Heibeck, F., Willis, K. and Ishii, H. 2016. Cilllia. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Ou, J., Skouras, M., Vlavianos, N., Heibeck, F., Cheng, C.-Y., Peters, J. and Ishii, H. 2016. aeroMorph - Heat-sealing Inflatable Shape-change Materials for Interaction Design. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology - UIST '16 (2016). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ou, J., Yao, L., Tauber, D., Steimle, J., Niiyama, R. and Ishii, H. 2013. jamSheets. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction - TEI '14 (2013).Google Scholar
- Peng, H., Mankoff, J., Hudson, S.E. and McCann, J. 2015. A Layered Fabric 3D Printer for Soft Interactive Objects. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '15 (2015). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Peng, H., Wu, R., Marschner, S. and Guimbretière, F. 2016. On-The-Fly Print. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Pérez, J., Otaduy, M.A. and Thomaszewski, B. 2017. Computational design and automated fabrication of kirchhoff-plateau surfaces. ACM transactions on graphics. 36, 4 (2017), 1--12. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Popov, E.V. 2002. Geometric approach to chebyshev net generation along an arbitrary surface represented by nurbs. International Conference Graphicon (2002).Google Scholar
- Qi, J. and Buechley, L. 2014. Sketching in circuits. Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '14 (2014).Google Scholar
- Raviv, D., Zhao, W., McKnelly, C., Papadopoulou, A., Kadambi, A., Shi, B., Hirsch, S., Dikovsky, D., Zyracki, M., Olguin, C., Raskar, R. and Tibbits, S. 2014. Active printed materials for complex self-evolving deformations. Scientific reports. 4, (Dec. 2014), 7422.Google Scholar
- Rivera, M.L., Moukperian, M., Ashbrook, D., Mankoff, J. and Hudson, S.E. 2017. Stretching the Bounds of 3D Printing with Embedded Textiles. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sareen, H., Umapathi, U., Shin, P., Kakehi, Y., Ou, J., Ishii, H. and Maes, P. 2017. Printflatables. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017).Google Scholar
- Skouras, M., Thomaszewski, B., Kaufmann, P., Garg, A., Bickel, B., Grinspun, E. and Gross, M. 2014. Designing inflatable structures. ACM transactions on graphics. 33, 4 (2014), 1--10. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Smits, J. 2016. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bridge Design in the Netherlands: Architectural Challenges toward Innovative, Sustainable, and Durable Bridges. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences: Engineering. 2, 4 (Dec. 2016), 518--527.Google Scholar
- Tao, Y., Wang, G., Zhang, C., Lu, N., Zhang, X., Yao, C. and Ying, F. 2017. WeaveMesh. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017).Google Scholar
- Tibbits, S. 2014. 4D printing: multi-material shape change. Architectural Design. 84, 1 (2014), 116--121.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Tolley, M.T., Felton, S.M., Miyashita, S., Aukes, D., Rus, D. and Wood, R.J. 2014. Self-folding origami: shape memory composites activated by uniform heating. Smart Materials and Structures. 23, 9 (2014), 094006.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Wang, G., Cheng, T., Do, Y; Yang, H., Tao, Y., Gu, J., An, B. and Yao, L. Printed Paper Actuator: A Low-cost Reversible Actuation and Sensing Method for Shape Changing Interfaces. Proceedings of the 36rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems -CHI '18 (2018). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wang, G., Yao, L., Wang, W., Ou, J., Cheng, C.-Y. and Ishii, H. 2016. xPrint. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Wang, W., Yao, L., Zhang, T., Cheng, C.-Y., Levine, D. and Ishii, H. 2017. Transformative Appetite. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Weichel, C., Hardy, J., Alexander, J. and Gellersen, H. 2015. ReForm. Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology - UIST '15 (2015).Google Scholar
- Weichel, C., Lau, M., Kim, D., Villar, N. and Gellersen, H.W. 2014. MixFab. Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '14 (2014).Google Scholar
- Wu, R., Peng, H., Guimbretière, F. and Marschner, S. 2016. Printing arbitrary meshes with a 5DOF wireframe printer. ACM transactions on graphics. 35, 4 (2016), 1--9. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Yao, L., Niiyama, R., Ou, J., Follmer, S., Della Silva, C. and Ishii, H. 2013. PneUI. Proceedings of the 26th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '13 (2013). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Yao, L., Ou, J., Cheng, C.-Y., Steiner, H., Wang, W., Wang, G. and Ishii, H. 2015. bioLogic. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '15 (2015).Google Scholar
- Yue, Y.-T., Zhang, X., Yang, Y., Ren, G., Choi, Y.-K. and Wang, W. 2017. WireDraw. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17 (2017).Google Scholar
- Zhang, Y., Gao, W., Paredes, L. and Ramani, K. 2016. CardBoardiZer. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16 (2016).Google Scholar
- Zoran, A. and Paradiso, J.A. 2013. FreeD. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '13 (2013).Google Scholar
Index Terms
- 4DMesh: 4D Printing Morphing Non-Developable Mesh Surfaces
Recommendations
Printed Paper Actuator: A Low-cost Reversible Actuation and Sensing Method for Shape Changing Interfaces
CHI '18: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsWe present a printed paper actuator as a low cost, reversible and electrical actuation and sensing method. This is a novel but easily accessible enabling technology that expands upon the library of actuation-sensing materials in HCI. By integrating ...
Geodesy: Self-rising 2.5D Tiles by Printing along 2D Geodesic Closed Path
CHI '19: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsThermoplastic and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) based 4D printing are rapidly expanding to allow for space- and material-saving 2D printed sheets morphing into 3D shapes when heated. However, to our knowledge, all the known examples are either origami-...
Thermorph: Democratizing 4D Printing of Self-Folding Materials and Interfaces
CHI '18: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsWe develop a novel method printing complex self-folding geometries. We demonstrated that with a desktop fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer, off-the-shelf printing filaments and a design editor, we can print flat thermoplastic composites and ...
Comments