ICAIL

Empirical research on basic components of American judicial opinions has only scratched the surface. Lack of a coordinated pool of legal experts or adequate computational resources are but two reasons responsible for this deficiency. We have undertaken ...

In this paper we put forward a formal description of theories which can be used to record understanding of, and explain decisions in, case law domains. We believe that reasoning with cases involves all of theory construction, use and evaluation, and ...

This paper briefly argues for a (particular variant of) a coherence theory of legal justification and theory construction. It does so by placing coherentism in a tradition of general epistemology and practical reasoning. One part of the theory, namely ...

This paper describes how we used an AI model for retrieving ethics cases to investigate empirically the epistemological contributions of a decision-makers' citing cases and code provisions in justifying decisions. In practical ethics, like law, it is ...

The prohibitive cost of assigning indices to textual cases is a major obstacle for the practical use of AI and Law systems supporting reasoning and arguing with cases. While progress has been made toward extracting certain facts from well-structured ...

In traditional Belief Revision approaches, new information is accepted unconditionally. In such models the agent either corrrects his knowledge by introducing a new conflicting information or simply rejects it. This paper proposes an alternative way ...

In this paper we describe an approach to reasoning with cases which takes into account the view that case law evolves through a series of decisions. This is in contrast to approaches which take as a starting point a set of decided cases, with no account ...

This paper describes a series of automatic text categorization experiments with case law documents. Cases are categorized into 40 broad, high-level categories. These results are compared to an existing operational process using Boolean queries manually ...

The huge text archives and retrieval systems of legal information have not achieved yet the representation in the well-known subject-oriented structure of legal commentaries. Content-based classification and text analysis remains a high priority ...

We describe a system that processes court opinions and retrieves related cases from a citator database, so that new cases can be linked to earlier ones that they impact. The design of the system combines information extraction, information retrieval and ...

In this paper, we discuss the challenges in providing computer support for teaching professional ethics using a case-based approach. We describe our tutoring software, PETE, which helps students prepare cases for class discussion. PETE enables students ...

This paper describes the MODDE (Model of Decision support system Design and Evaluation) framework in some detail. The work is in progress and is being currently applied to the EMBRACE project being developed for the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) of ...

A prior paper described an advisory system in New York State criminal law, constructed in Prolog, and indicated how it might be used to extend the utility to judges of then current court management databases. Experience gained over ten years' ...

In recent years dialectics has become popular in Artificial Intelligence and law. A sub-branch of this field concentrates on the development of dialogue games. Many of these legal dialogue systems are fairly simple, in some respects even too simple. ...

This article investigates the modelling of reasoning about evidence in legal procedure. To this end, a dialogue game model of the relevant parts of Dutch civil procedure is developed with three players: two adversaries and a judge. The model aims to be ...

This paper is about the process of case comparison as it takes place in case-based reasoning, and its purpose is to do a systematic investigation into the types of move involved in this process. Starting with a simple model of the roles that case facts ...

Increasing numbers of litigants represent themselves in court. Advisory systems designed to help litigants understand the available legal remedies and satisfy the substantive and procedural requirements to obtain those remedies have the potential to ...

This paper considers the need for evaluation of knowledge-based systems in general and legal knowledge-based systems in particular. Some special features of legal knowledge-based systems pertinent to their evaluation are presented. The expected benefits ...

The Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (DTCA in Dutch: Belastingdienst) conducts a research program POWER in which methods and tools are developed that support a systematic translation of (new) legislation into the DTCA's processes. The methods and ...

We propose a formal and executable framework for expressing protocols and strategies for automated (legal) negotiation. In this framework a party involved in a negotiation is represented through a software agent composed of four modules: (i) a ...

We propose a first-order model as a possible formal basis for normative agent systems (NAS). The model allows us to describe the execution of actions in time and the use of dynamic norms. We present its application to the detection of the violation ...

S believes that P, S promises that P, S says that P, and so on are examples of sentences with embedded propositional content (that P in these examples.). Such sentences are ubiquitous in everyday reasoning, in legal reasoning, and in conducting ...

A logic programming framework for the definition of cooperative multi-agent legal web information retrieval systems is proposed. Cooperation is achieved through the use of dialogue processing techniques, namely, the inference of the user intentions and ...

The majority of legal knowledge based systems (LKBS) in commercial use are rule based and target domains of law characterized by large and complex statutes where modelling discretion is not a central concern. Furthermore, to date, few LKBS execute on ...

We have integrated the Jess Expert System tool from Sandia Labs [2] with the Xerces XML parser. We submit to this software contracts and court filings for litigation involving those contracts. These are written as per a contract standard submitted to ...

In this paper is described Olimpo: a retrieval system for UN Security Council (SC) resolutions developed using a methodology called Contextual Structured Search —CSS [3], a process model for automated representation and extraction of the knowledge.

This paper shows a different way of using AI techniques that turned out to be very useful in a particular project and may offer potentials for the futures.

Aide (`AustLII Inferencing Development Environment') provides a quasi-natural language form of knowledge representation which is reasonably close to statutory language, but at the same time represents knowledge so that it can be used by an inferencing ...