A ground-truthing engine for proofsetting, publishing, re-purposing and quality assurance

ABSTRACT

We present design strategies, implementation preferences and throughput results obtained in deploying a UI-based ground truthing engine as the last step in the quality assurance (QA) for the conversion of a large out-of-print book collection into digital form. A series of automated QA steps were first performed on the document. Five distinct zoning analysis options were deployed and the PDF output thence generated was used to regenerate TIFF files for comparison to the originals. Regenerated TIFFs failing automated QA or a separate visual QA were tagged for ground truthing. Less than 3% of the pages in a 1.2x10⁶-page corpus required ground truthing, resulting in a throughput rate of "fully-proofed" pages of 2x10⁵ pages/man-week. Among the design advantages crucial for this throughput rate was the use of the identical zoning engine for the original production workflow and for the ground truthing engine.

REFERENCES

• 1: MIT Press Classics press release, http://mitpress.mit.edu/main/feature/classics/MITPClassics_release.pdf.
• 2: Lee, J. P., Lopez, P. D., and Simske, S. J. "Click and Select User Interface for Document Scanning," U. S. Patent no. 6,151,426, November 21, 2000.
• 3: Altamura, O., Esposito, F. and Malerba, D. "Transforming Paper Documents into XML Format with Wisdom++," International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition, 3(2):175--198, 2000.
• 4: Wisdom home page, http://www.di.uniba.it/ malerba/wisdom++/.
• 5: Simske, S. "The Use of XML and XML-Data to Provide Document Understanding at the Physical, Logical and Presentational Levels," In Proc. of the ICDAR99 Workshop DLIA, Sept. 1999.

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  B. Hardware
  B.4 INPUT/OUTPUT AND DATA COMMUNICATIONS
      B.4.2 Input/Output Devices
          Subjects: Image display

Additional Classification:
  I. Computing Methodologies
  I.4 IMAGE PROCESSING AND COMPUTER VISION
      I.4.1 Digitization and Image Capture
          Subjects: Scanning
      I.4.6 Segmentation
          Subjects: Region growing, partitioning; Pixel classification; Edge and feature detection
  I.7 DOCUMENT AND TEXT PROCESSING
      I.7.4 Electronic Publishing
      I.7.5 Document Capture
          Subjects: Document analysis; Graphics recognition and interpretation; Scanning

General Terms:
Algorithms, Reliability, Verification

Keywords:
layout, print-on-demand, region management, templates