skip to main content
10.1145/1864349.1864375acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesubicompConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

ElectriSense: single-point sensing using EMI for electrical event detection and classification in the home

Published: 26 September 2010 Publication History

Abstract

This paper presents ElectriSense, a new solution for automatically detecting and classifying the use of electronic devices in a home from a single point of sensing. ElectriSense relies on the fact that most modern consumer electronics and fluorescent lighting employ switch mode power supplies (SMPS) to achieve high efficiency. These power supplies continuously generate high frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI) during operation that propagates throughout a home's power wiring. We show both analytically and by in-home experimentation that EMI signals are stable and predictable based on the device's switching frequency characteristics. Unlike past transient noise-based solutions, this new approach provides the ability for EMI signatures to be applicable across homes while still being able to differentiate between similar devices in a home. We have evaluated our solution in seven homes, including one six-month deployment. Our results show that ElectriSense can identify and classify the usage of individual devices with a mean accuracy of 93.82%.

References

[1]
}}Abbott, R.E. and S.C. Hadden, Product Specification for a Nonintrusive Appliance Load Monitoring System. EPRI Report #NI-101, 1990.
[2]
}}Chen, J., Kam, A.H., Zhang, J., Liu, N. and Shue, L.: Bathroom Activity Monitoring Based on Sound. In: Pervasive Computing 2005, pp. 47--61 (2005).
[3]
}}Cohen, G., Gupta, S., Froehlich, J., Larson, E., and Patel, S. GasSense: Appliance-Level, Single-Point Sensing of Gas Activity in the Home. In Pervasive 2010.
[4]
}}Energy Star. SMPS and linear power supplies compliance. http://www.efficientpowersupplies.org/pages/NRDC_power_supply_report.pdf. Last accessed March 10, 2010.
[5]
}}Fogarty, J., Au, C. and Hudson, S.E.: Sensing from the Basement: A Feasibility Study of Unobtrusive and Low-Cost Home Activity Recognition. In: UIST '06.
[6]
}}Froehlich, J., Larson, E., Campbell, T., Haggerty, C., Fogarty, J., Patel, S.N.: HydroSense: infrastructure-mediated single-point sensing of whole-home water activity. In: UbiComp 2009, pp. 235--244 (2009).
[7]
}}Functioning of a switched mode Power supply. http://www.smps.us/power-supply.html.
[8]
}}Hart, G. Advances in Nonintrusive Appliance Load Monitoring. In Proceedings of EPRI Information and Automation Conference, 1991.
[9]
}}Hart, G., Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring. In Proceedings of the IEEE, 1992. 80(12): p. 1870--1891.
[10]
}}High voltage driver IC for Compact Fluoroscent Lamps. http://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sheet/UBA2021.pdf.
[11]
}}1In-line current monitoring device. http://www.p3international.com/products/special/P4400/P4400-CE.html. Last accessed March 10, 2010.
[12]
}}Jetway Computers, compliance report. Page 13, http://www.jetwaycomputer.com/download/resources/J7F4%20FCC%20report.pdf. Last accessed March 5, 2010.
[13]
}}Kim, Y., Schmid, T., Charbiwala, Z., Srivastava, M.B.: ViridiScope: design and implementation of a fine grained power monitoring system for homes. In: UbiComp 2009.
[14]
}}Lifton, J., Feldmeier, M., Ono, Y., Lewis, C., and Paradiso, J. A. A platform for ubiquitous sensor deployment in occupational and domestic environments. In Proceeding of Information Processing in Sensor Networks, 2007.
[15]
}}Patel, S.N., Robertson, T., Kientz, J.A., Reynolds, M.S. and Abowd, G.D.: At the Flick of a Switch: Detecting and Classifying Unique Electrical Events on the Residential Power Line. In: UbiComp 2007, pp. 271--28.
[16]
}}Patel, S.N., Reynolds, M.S., Abowd, G.D. Detecting Human Movement by Differential Air Pressure Sensing in HVAC System Ductwork: An Exploration in Infrastructure Mediated Sensing. In Pervasive 2008. pp 1--18. 2008.
[17]
}}Patel, S.N., Truong, K.N., Abowd, G.D. PowerLine Positioning: A Practical Sub-Room-Level Indoor Location System for Domestic Use. In Ubicomp 2006.
[18]
}}Tapia, E.M., Intille, S.S., Lopez, L., and Larson, K. The design of a portable kit of wireless sensors for naturalistic data collection. In Proc. of Pervasive 2006. pp. 117--134. 2006.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Transforming Everyday Objects into IoT Control Interfaces: Design and Evaluation of the 'e-Rings' SystemArchives of Design Research10.15187/adr.2024.11.37.5.2937:5(29-49)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2024
  • (2024)ActSonic: Recognizing Everyday Activities from Inaudible Acoustic Wave Around the BodyProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36997528:4(1-32)Online publication date: 21-Nov-2024
  • (2024)Hawk: An Efficient NALM System for Accurate Low-Power Appliance RecognitionProceedings of the 22nd ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems10.1145/3666025.3699359(578-591)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. ElectriSense: single-point sensing using EMI for electrical event detection and classification in the home

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    UbiComp '10: Proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference on Ubiquitous computing
    September 2010
    366 pages
    ISBN:9781605588438
    DOI:10.1145/1864349
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    In-Cooperation

    • University of Florida: University of Florida

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 26 September 2010

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. activity recognition
    2. activity sensing
    3. energy monitoring
    4. infrastructure-mediated sensing

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Conference

    Ubicomp '10
    Ubicomp '10: The 2010 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing
    September 26 - 29, 2010
    Copenhagen, Denmark

    Acceptance Rates

    UbiComp '10 Paper Acceptance Rate 39 of 202 submissions, 19%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 764 of 2,912 submissions, 26%

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)85
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)11
    Reflects downloads up to 09 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Transforming Everyday Objects into IoT Control Interfaces: Design and Evaluation of the 'e-Rings' SystemArchives of Design Research10.15187/adr.2024.11.37.5.2937:5(29-49)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2024
    • (2024)ActSonic: Recognizing Everyday Activities from Inaudible Acoustic Wave Around the BodyProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36997528:4(1-32)Online publication date: 21-Nov-2024
    • (2024)Hawk: An Efficient NALM System for Accurate Low-Power Appliance RecognitionProceedings of the 22nd ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems10.1145/3666025.3699359(578-591)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
    • (2024)WatchLink: Enhancing Smartwatches with Sensor Add-Ons via ECG InterfaceProceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3654777.3676329(1-13)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2024
    • (2024)Towards Non-Intrusive Real-Time Monitoring of Behind the Meter Residential Distributed Energy ResourcesProceedings of the 15th ACM International Conference on Future and Sustainable Energy Systems10.1145/3632775.3661955(428-433)Online publication date: 4-Jun-2024
    • (2024)Tagnoo: Enabling Smart Room-Scale Environments with RFID-Augmented PlywoodProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642356(1-18)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
    • (2024)PhD Forum Abstract: Knowledge From Noise: EMI-Guided Power Monitoring2024 23rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN)10.1109/IPSN61024.2024.00059(317-318)Online publication date: 13-May-2024
    • (2024)Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Classifier Algorithms for Electric Load Disaggregation Based on Average Power Signatures2024 IEEE XXXI International Conference on Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computing (INTERCON)10.1109/INTERCON63140.2024.10833508(1-7)Online publication date: 6-Nov-2024
    • (2024)AIoT for Smart Homes: Real-Time Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring2024 15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT)10.1109/ICCCNT61001.2024.10724454(1-6)Online publication date: 24-Jun-2024
    • (2024)A Non-Intrusive Load Identification Method Based on Multi-Head AttentionIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.336346212(24544-24553)Online publication date: 2024
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media